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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ecology |
The study of the interactions between organisms and and their physical environment. |
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Organism |
-is any living thing, it can be classified as a 1.animal 2. plant 3. fungi 4. bacterium |
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environment |
makes up both the physical and biological factors that comprise the organisms surroundings. |
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biosphere |
largest living component of the environment (the sphere of the earth where the life exists) |
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the biosphere is further divided into... |
1. atmosphere 2. hydrosphere 3.lithosphere |
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the atmosphere |
the envelope of gases of the earth that supports microscopic life. contains about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases |
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the lithosphere |
the earths solid portion that supports plant, animal, fungal, and microscopic life. (further divided into 3 main parts. 1. crust 2. mantle 3. core |
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the hydrosphere |
all of the water on earth including the water in the atmosphere, (the liquid portion of the earth that supports aquatic life) 97% salt water, 3% fresh water |
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biotic factors |
the living components of the environment |
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abiotic factors |
the nonliving components of the environment |
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Why is water an ideal solvent? |
It can be used to dissolve more substances than any other solvent |
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evapotranspiration |
is water evaporating from the ground and transpiration by plants. It is also the way water vapor re-enters the atmosphere. |
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transpiration |
when water taken in through the roots of plants is released through the leaves. |
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condensation |
the process of changing water from a vapor to a liquid |
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precipitation |
water being released from cloud in the from of rain, snow, sleet, hail |
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infiltration |
a portion of the precipitation that reaches the earths surface and manages to seep into the soil or ground |
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run-off |
precipitation that reaches the surface of the earth but doesn't infiltrate, runs off the surface of the earth |
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cellular respiration |
converts oxygen with glucose to release carbon dioxide and water |
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nitrogen fixation |
trapping atmospheric nitrogen and incorporating it into plants to manufacture protein |
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ammonification |
the release of ammonia from waste matter of organisms |
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nitrification |
the conversion of toxic ammonia to less harmful nitrites or nitrates |
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denitrification |
the conversion of nitrites or nitrates back to atmospheric nitrogen |
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ecosystem |
the basic unit of the biosphere that consists of the living organisms interacting with their physical environment |
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community |
a group of different organisms living together in a given area |
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population |
a group of organisms of the same species |
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organism |
an individual member of the ecosystem |
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biome |
a large region on earth characterized by the types of plants and animals that live in an area based on its climate |
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taiga |
-cold forest -very low to low temperature and very low to low rainfall |
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temperate deciduous forest |
-mildly cold forest -has low to mild temperature and consistently mild rainfall |
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tropical rainforest |
-hot wet forest -has consistently hot temperature and mild to very heavy rainfall |
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chapparal |
hot,dry summers and cool, moist winters |
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temperate grassland |
a cool grassland low to mild temperature low to mild rainfall |
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savanna |
warm grassland has consistently high temperature low to mild rainfall |
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tundra |
a cold desert very low to low temperature consistently very low rainfall |
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hot desert |
mild to very high temperature consistently very low rainfall |
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genetics |
is the study of heredity |
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gregor johann mendel |
father of genetics, studied garden peas and discovered heredity |
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true breed organisms... |
always pass on their characteristics to their offspring |
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hybrid organisms... |
do not always pass on their characteristics to their offspring |
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an allele is |
is one member of a gene pair |
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homozygous genes |
when a gene pair has the same alleles for a particular trait |
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heterozygous genes |
when a gene pair has different alleles for a particular trait |
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character |
the property that is observed in all organisms |
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traits |
the possible expression of a character |
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phenotype |
the organisms expressed and observed traits |
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genotype |
the organisms actual gene pair composition |
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mendels law of segregtion |
during gamete formation,each allele seperates from the pair the gamete carries only one allele for a particular trait |
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incomplete dominance |
alleles are incompletely dominant and incompletely recessive. |
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co-dominance |
alleles are both dominant with eachother |
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GOOD LUCK |
ON THE TEST |
