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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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electromagnetic
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made by vibrating electric charges and can travel through space where no matter is present
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radient energy
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energy carried by electromagnetic waves
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electromagnetic waves facts
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-carry radient energy
-travel at speed of light(300,000km/s0 -travel slower in matter |
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radio waves
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low-frequency electromagnetic waveswith wave lengths longer than about 1mm
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microwaves
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radio waves with wavelengths of less than about 30 cm
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infrered waves
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between about 1 mm and about 750 billionths of a meter
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visible light
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the range of electromagnetic waves that you can detect with your eyes
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ultraviolet waves
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electromagnetis waves with wavelengths from about 400 billionths to 10 billionths of a meter
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gamma rays
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than about 10 trillionths of a meter
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X-rays
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have wacvelengths between about 10 billionths of a meter and 10 trillionths of a meter
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ultraviolet waves facts
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-cancer
-sunburn -wrinkling -kills bacteria |
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X-rays and gama rays
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are the most energetic electromagnetic waves
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waves
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rhythmic disturbances that transfer energy through matter or space
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wave fact
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waves transfer only energy, not matter
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machanical waves fact
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-need matter to travel through
-can be compressional or transverse |
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tranverse wave traveling
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-travels in a medium
-matter in the medium moves at right angles to the direction the wave travels |
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compressional wave traveling
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-travels in a medium
-matter moves back and forth along the same direction as the wave travels |
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transverse wave facts
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the movement of high points in a medium called CRESTS and low points called TROUGHS form a transverse wave
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compressional wave facts
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the movement of more-desnse regions called COMPRESSIONS and less-dense regions called RAREFACTIONS form a compressional wave
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transverse and compressional waves
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-can be described by their wavelengths, frequencies, periods, and amplitudes
-as frequency increases , wave length allways decreases |
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wave fact
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the greater the waves amplitude is the more energy it carries
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chemical symbol
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short hand way of writing the name of an element
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atom
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consists of a neucleus (protons and neutons) and an electron cloud
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quarks
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particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons
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number of neutrons
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can be found by subtractimg the atomic number from the mass number
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isotopes
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atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
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periodic table arrangement
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-elements are arranged by increasing atomic numbers
-18 verticle colums (groups) -7 horizontal rows (periods) -metals are to the left -non-metals are to the right -metalloids in the middle |
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chemical bonding
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occurs because atoms of mos elements become more stable by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons
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ionic bonds
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-formed by the attraction between ions
-occurs between ions and produces ionic compounds |
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covalent bonds
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-formed by the sharing of electrons
-produces units called molecules and occurs between nonmetalic elements |
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hydrate
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is a compound that has water chemically attached to its ions and written into its formula
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reactans
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substances that react
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products
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new substances that are formed
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synthesis reactions
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2 or more substances conmbine to form another substance
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saturated hydrocarbons
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only single bonds
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unsaturated hydrocarbons
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double or tripple bonds
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benzene ring
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allways stable
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