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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theory
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general propositions used as principles of explanation for a class of phenomena
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Element
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a fundamental material consisting of only 1 type of atom
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Rift Valley
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long narrow trough that forms as a result of divergence of 2 plates
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Sea-Floor spreading
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divergence of 2 oceanic plates to form a rift in the sea floor
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Mid-Ocean Ridge
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any of several seismically active submarine mountain ranges
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Fission
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the splitting apart of the nucleus
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Physical Change
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a change in which a substance changes its physical properties w/o changing its chemical identity
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Cosmic Background Radiation
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microwave radiation in the universe, produced during the Big Bang and subsequently thinned and cooled as the universe expanded
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Blue Giant
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any of the large, bright stars having surface temperatures of about 20,000 K and diameters that are often ten times that of the sun.
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Isotope
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atoms whose nuclei have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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Pangaea
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large landmass that existed in the geologic past and was composed of all the present-day continents
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Lithosphere
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entire crust plus the portion of the mantle above the asthenosphere
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Divergent
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drawing apart from a common point
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Fusion
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the joining of the nucleus and getting bigger
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White Dwarf
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dying star that has collapsed to the size of the Earth and is slowly cooling off
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Radiation
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the transfer of energy by the means of electromagnetic waves
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Main Sequence Star
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any star lying on a diagonal band that extends from hot stars of high luminosity to cool stars of low luminosity
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Red Shift
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a shift toward longer wavelengths of the spectral lines emitted by a celestial object that is caused by the object moving away from the earth.
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Ridge
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long narrow elevation of land
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Asthenosphere
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subdivision of the upper mantle situated below the lithosphere
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Deep-Sea Trench
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long, narrow, and deep excavation in the sea
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Convergent
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the coming together of things
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Covalent Bond
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the bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms.
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Chemical Change
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change in which a substance changes its chemical identity
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Black Hole
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remains of a giant star that has collapsed into itself, so dense and of such intense gravitational field that light cannot escape
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Ionization Charge
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the charge on an atom needed to pull an electron away from an atom
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Balanced Equation
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When the elements on each side of the equation are equal
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Subduction Zone
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the process by which collision of the earth's crustal plates results in one plate's being drawn down or overridden by another
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Transmutation
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conversion of an atomic nucleus of one element into an atomic nucleus of another element through a loss or gain in # of protons
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Ionic Bond
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the electrical force of attraction that holds ions of opposite charge together
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Red Giant
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a cool giant star above main sequence on the H-R diagrams
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Black Dwarf
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the presumed final stage of a white dwarf
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