Science Final

Front 1

most plants get water/minerals through their

Back 1

roots

Front 2

what 3 key events are involved in transporting water

Back 2

1. entrance through roots
2. transport through xlem
3. exits through leaves

Front 3

Water enters through what part of the root

Back 3

root hairs

Front 4

water and dissolved mineral are absorbed through the _________ near the root tips.

Back 4

epidermis

Front 5

a one-celled-thick covering tissue foundo nyoung or non-woody plant parts.

Back 5

epidermis

Front 6

the cells of the root epidermis hav tiny extensions called ______________

Back 6

root hairs

Front 7

once absorbed, water moves through or between cells in the root until it reaches the __________ of the root.

Back 7

center

Front 8

the vascular tissues, _______________ are located near the center.

Back 8

xylem and phloem

Front 9

one way that water enters the xylem is through ___________

Back 9

osmosis

Front 10

The __________ diameter and _________shape of xylem cells help transport water.

Back 10

narrow, hollow

Front 11

____________ pulls water up the plant.

Back 11

transpiration

Front 12

special epidermal cells on the underside of many leaves surround tiny openings in the leaves of called _________.

Back 12

stomata

Front 13

The special epidermal cells called ________ on the uncerside of many leaves surround tiny openings in the leaves called ____________.

Back 13

guard cells
stomata

Front 14

Guard cells can ____ or ____ the stomata to regulate the passage of water _____ and other _____ in and out of leaves through the stomata.

Back 14

close
open
vapor
gasses

Front 15

The act of water exiting through the stomata of plants is called _______

Back 15

transpiration

Front 16

Transpiration is necessary so the _____ will rise to the _____ through the _____ from the _____.

Back 16

water
leaves
xylem
roots

Front 17

On hot or dry days plants can ______ transpiration.

Back 17

stop

Front 18

converts the sugar produced from photosynthesis into usable energy for the plant.

Back 18

aerobic cellular respiration

Front 19

aerobic respiration uses _____ and produces ______ ______.

Back 19

oxygen
carbon dioxide

Front 20

in the green parts of the plants, gasses are exchanged through the ________.

Back 20

stomata

Front 21

in the woody areas of the plant, oxygen passes through tiny openings in the bard called __________.

Back 21

lenticels

Front 22

green plant organs contain the green pigment ___________.

Back 22

chlorophyll

Front 23

organs where photosynthesis occurs

Back 23

green plant organs

Front 24

most plants carry on photosynthesis in their ________.

Back 24

leaves

Front 25

in a typical leaf, the tissue under the upper epidermis is a layer of closely packed, tall, thin cells called _________.

Back 25

palisade mesophyll

Front 26

the cells of the palisade mesophyll have many __________.

Back 26

chloroplasts

Front 27

the tissue below the palisade mesophyll is the ________ ________.

Back 27

spongy mesophyll

Front 28

because of the ___________, between spongy mesophyll cells, there are fewer ________ on the underside of leaves than on top.

Back 28

spaces
chloroplasts

Front 29

The spaces of the spongy mesophyll are important for ____________.

Back 29

photosynthesis

Front 30

photosynthesis requires _________ and ______ _________.

Back 30

oxygen
carbon dioxide

Front 31

_____________ carries water from the roots and releases it into the spaces of the ___________ _________.

Back 31

xylem
spongy mesophyll

Front 32

The __________ allow carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to pass into the leaf.

Back 32

stomatic

Front 33

___________ is useful because it contains energy captured from the sun.

Back 33

sugar

Front 34

cells that carry on photosynthesis make _______ cells than they need for energy.

Back 34

more

Front 35

some of the extra sugar molecules are used to make __________, which is used to make _________ __________.

Back 35

cellulose
cell walls

Front 36

some plants store the extra sugar as _____.

Back 36

starch

Front 37

give examples of plants that have a large amount of starch.

Back 37

potatoes
wheat
bananas

Front 38

other plants store energy by converting sugar to ________.

Back 38

lipids

Front 39

give examples of plants that covert sugar to lipids.

Back 39

peanut oil
corn oil
olive oil

Front 40

a plant's growth is affected by its ___________.

Back 40

surroundings

Front 41

growth in a plant can result in an increase in ________, _________ or both.

Back 41

length
thickness

Front 42

plants have special areas where growth occurs called _____________.

Back 42

meristems

Front 43

In meristems, an exceptionally large portion of cells undergo cell ________ and _________ in size.

Back 43

division
increase

Front 44

meristems are usually located at the tip of ______ and ______ and between a plant's ___________ and ____________.

Back 44

stems
roots
xylem
phloem

Front 45

meristems at the tips of stems and roots are called _________ ___________.

Back 45

apical meristems

Front 46

meristems found places besides the tips of stems and roots are called _____ _____.

Back 46

lateral meristems

Front 47

one way a plant's growth is controlled is with chemicals called ____________.

Back 47

hormones

Front 48

hormones can ______ or _____ plant growth.

Back 48

stimulate
stop

Front 49

the growth responses of plants to their environment are called _________.

Back 49

tropism

Front 50

a plant growing toward a factor in its environment is said to have a _________ ________.

Back 50

positive tropism

Front 51

a plant growing away from the factor in its environment is said to have a _______ __________.

Back 51

negative tropism

Front 52

a plant's growth in response to light is called____________.

Back 52

phototropism

Front 53

if a plant turns toward light it domonstrates a __________ _____________.

Back 53

positive phototropism

Front 54

a plant's growth response to gravity is called ________.

Back 54

geotropism

Front 55

Plant roots show _________ _________ since they grow toward the pull of gravity.

Back 55

positive geotropism

Front 56

a plant stem shows _________ _________ since it grows away from the pull of gravity.

Back 56

negative geotropism

Front 57

a plant's response to the length of time it is exposed to light is called _______.

Back 57

photoperiodism

Front 58

some plants that bloom when the days are short and nights are long are called ______ ____ _______.

Back 58

short day plants

Front 59

give examples of short day plants

Back 59

apples
violets
soybeans

Front 60

some plants that bloom during long days and short nights are called ______ ______ _______.

Back 60

long day plants

Front 61

give examples of long day plants

Back 61

lettuce
clover
grains

Front 62

plants that bloom whenever conditions like moisture and temperature are acceptable regardless of the amount of light or darkness are called _______ ______ ______.

Back 62

day neutral plants

Front 63

give examples of day neutral plants

Back 63

hybrid roses
dandelions
tomatoes
cotton

Front 64

photoperiodism also determines whether or not a plant will produce _________.

Back 64

flowers

Front 65

it the photoperiodism is off by as little as _________, some plants will not flower.

Back 65

10 minutes

Front 66

Sexual Reproduction - each offspring receives _______ from both its parents.

Back 66

genes

Front 67

______________ occur in pairs, so they are usually two copies of each gene.

Back 67

chrommosomes

Front 68

organisms are called ___________ if they have two of every kind of chromosome.

Back 68

diploid

Front 69

Chromosomes that are "given" to offspring are found in special sex cells called _________.

Back 69

gametes

Front 70

______________ are designed to transfer or receive the chromosomes.

Back 70

gametes

Front 71

Gametes only have ___, NOT ___, of each kind of chromosome normally found in the organism.

Back 71

one
two

Front 72

The condition of only having one set of chromosomes is called ____________.

Back 72

haploid

Front 73

in flowering plants gamets are produced in __________.

Back 73

flowers

Front 74

in flowering plants __________ are produced in flowers.

Back 74

gametes

Front 75

non-flowering plants may produce gametets in __________.

Back 75

cones or other special features

Front 76

flowers are the ____________ organs of a plant.

Back 76

reproductive

Front 77

what 3 attributes of flowers help carry out the reproductive process.

Back 77

color
shape
smell

Front 78

flowers consist of 4 different types of appendages that are attached to a base.
What are they?

Back 78

sepals
petals
stamens
carpels

Front 79

from the outer to inner name the four parts of a flower in order

Back 79

sepal
petals
stamens
carpels

Front 80

___________ - leaflike structures that protect the flower while it is developing.

Back 80

sepals

Front 81

___________- often the largest and mot colorful parts of flowers.

Back 81

petals

Front 82

____________- male reproductive part of flower.

Back 82

stamen

Front 83

name the two parts of the stamen

Back 83

a long thing filament
thicker part at the top called an anther

Front 84

the anther is filled with 1000's of _____ ______ which contain the _________ _______ of a flower.

Back 84

pollen grains
male gametes

Front 85

when the pollen grains are mature they pass out through the _______.

Back 85

anther

Front 86

________- female reproductive part of the flower.

Back 86

carpel

Front 87

name the 3 main sections of the carpel

Back 87

ovary
style
stigma

Front 88

_____- swollen area at the bottom of the carpel.

Back 88

ovary

Front 89

_________ - slender stalk above the ovary

Back 89

style

Front 90

_________- on top of the syle

Back 90

stigma

Front 91

the stigma, which is often sticky, is the part which the __________ attaches.

Back 91

pollen

Front 92

__________- process of transferring pollen from an anther to a stigma.

Back 92

pollination

Front 93

when the pollen reaches the stigma, the pollen grows a _________.

Back 93

pollentube

Front 94

When the pollen reaches the _______, the pollen grows a _________ through the _______, into the _________, and on into the _________ of the flower.

Back 94

stigma
pollen tube
stigma
style
ovary

Front 95

inside the pollen tube are the ________ _______ of the plant.

Back 95

male gametes

Front 96

insied the ovary are the _________ ________, which contian the eggs.

Back 96

female gametes

Front 97

When the pollen tube reaches the ________, _____ gametes enter the ovule and merge with the ____.

Back 97

ovule
male
egg

Front 98

the combination of the male gamets with the egg is called __________.

Back 98

fertilization

Front 99

fertilization results in a ________ that grows into a tiny _________ plant.

Back 99

zygote
embryo

Front 100

The ovule developes into a seed which contains the ______, ____ _____ and _______ ________.

Back 100

embryo
stored food
protective coat

Front 101

as the ovule matures into a seed, the _____ and _______ of most flowers shrivel and fall.

Back 101

petals
stamens

Front 102

as the ovary grows, it developes into a _________.

Back 102

fruit

Front 103

the ovaries of some plants remain small, but other increase up to _________ times before they are ripe.

Back 103

100,000

Front 104

plant reproduction that does not involve gametes is _________ __________.

Back 104

asexual reproduction

Front 105

an organism produced by asexual reproduction has genes __________ to its parents.

Back 105

identical

Front 106

the spider plant, a common house plant, forms _________, which are thin stems, with small plantlets on the ends.

Back 106

runners

Front 107

_________ are complete plants that can grow and mature if they are placed in soil.

Back 107

plantlets

Front 108

give two examples of plants with runners and plantlets.

Back 108

spider plant
strawberry plant

Front 109

________________ - cutting a part of a plant, like leaves, stems or roots and placing it into water or moist soil.

Back 109

leafcutting