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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Science Cards
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Homework
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Geologists
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Geoligists are scientists who study the forces that make and shape planet Earth.
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Rock
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Rock is the material that form the Earth's hard surface.
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Geology
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Geology is the study of planet Earth.
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Constructive forces
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Constructive forces shape the surface by building up mountains and landmasses.
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Destructive forces
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Destructive forces are those that slowly wear away mountains and, eventually, every other feature on the surface.
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Continents
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There are seven great landmasses that are known as continents. They are surrounded by oceans.
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Seismic Waves
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When earthquakes occur they produce seismic waves.
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Pressure
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Pressure is the force on a surface or area.
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Crust
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The crust is a layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin.
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Basalt
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Basalt is dark, dense rock with a fine texture.
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Granite
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Granite is a rock that has larger crystals than basalt and is not as dense.
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Mantle
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Mantle is a layer of hot rock.
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Lithosphere
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The uppermost part of the mantle and the crust together form a ridgid layer called the Lithosphere.
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Asthenosphere
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The next layer after the lithosphere is the asthenosphere. It is a soft layer, it is less ridgid than the layer above.
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Outer Core
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The outer core is a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core.
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Inner Core
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The inner core is a dense ball of solid metal.
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Heat Transfer
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The movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object is called a heat transfer.
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Radiation
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The transfer of energy through empty space space is called radiation.
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Conduction
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Heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter is called conduction.
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Convection
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Convection is heat that transfer by the movement of a heated fluid.
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Density
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Density is a measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance.
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Convection Current
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A convention current is the flow that transfers heat within the a fluid.
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Continental Drift
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Wegener's idea that the continents slowly moved over the Earth's surface became known as the continental drift.
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Fossil
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A fossil is any trace of an ancient or organism that has been preserved in a rock.
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Mid-Ocean Ridge
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The East Pacific Rise is just one part of the mid-ocean ridge, the longest chain of mountains in the world.
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Sonar
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Sonar is a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves.
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Sea-Floor Spreading
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Hess called the process that that continually adds a new material to the ocean floor sea-floor spreading.
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Deep-Ocean Trenches
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Instead, the ocean floor plunges into deep under-water canyons called the deep-ocean trenches.
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Subduction
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Subduction is the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle.
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Plates
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According to Wilson, the lithosphere is broken into seperate sections called the plates.
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Scientific Theory
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A scientific theory is a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations.
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Plate Tectonics
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Plate Tectonics is the geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion, driven by convention currents in the mantle.
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Faults
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Faults breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other form along these boundaries.
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Transform Boundaries
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A transform boundary is a place where two plates slip past each, moving in opposite directions.
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Divergent Boundary
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The place where two plates move apart, or diverge, is called a divergent boundary.
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Rift Valley
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A deep valley called a rift valley forms along the divergent boundary.
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Convergent Boundary
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Convergent boundary is the place where two plates come together, or converge.
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