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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alkali Metals |
- group 1A on the periodic table - metals - have 1 valence electron - lose 1 valence electron in ionic bonding - very reactive |
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Noble Gases |
- period 8A on the periodic table - non-metals - have a stable octet of valence electrons - don't bond at all |
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Halogens |
- group 7A on the periodic table - non-metals - have 7 valence electrons - gain 1 valence electron in ionic bonding -very reactive |
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Chalcogens |
- period 6A on the periodic table - non-metals, metalloids and metals - have 6 valence electrons - gain 2 valence electrons in ionic bonding |
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Alkaline Earth Metals |
- group 2A in the periodic table
- metals - have 2 valence electrons - lose 2 valence electrons in ionic bonding |
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Ionic Compound |
- metals/non-metals - involves gain/loss of electrons to form a stable octet - create ions - metals lose electrons and become cations - non-metals gain electrons and become anions |
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Covalent Compound |
- non-metal/non-metal - involves sharing of electrons to form a stable octet - form molecules or compounds |
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Synthesis |
A + B → AB |
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Decomposition |
AB → A + B |
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Single Displacement |
AB + C → AC + B |
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Double Displacement |
AC + DB → AB + CD |
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Combustion |
- always has HxCy + O2 as reactants that yield CO2 + H2O - burning |
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Neutralization |
- acid + base → salt + water - HCl + NaOh → NaCl and H2O |
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Acid |
- corrosive - form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
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Base |
- slippery - produce hydroxide ions in a solution |
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pH
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- scale of 0-14 used to express acidity in a solution - < 7 represents acidity - 7 represents neutrality - > 7 represents represents alkalinity |
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Yields |
- the "=" of chemical equations A + B → C |
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Coefficient |
- multiplies the whole formula to balance a chemical equation 2A + B → A2B |
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Reactants |
- substances that change in a chemical reaction AB + C → A + BC |
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Subscript |
- states how many atoms of that element are in the formula A2B |
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Products |
- outcome of a chemical reaction A + BC → AB + C |
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Law of Conservation of Mass |
- scientific law stating that the mass of products in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of the reactants - mass cannot be created or destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations |
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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- scientific law stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to the other or transferred from one object to another
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