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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a deep underwater valley
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trench
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the process by which new oceanic lithosphere is formed at a midocean ridge as older materials are pulled away from the ridge
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sea-floor spreading
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the making of new deserts through a change in climate or destructive land use
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deformation
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a mineral's tendency to break along irregular surfaces; a break in the earth's surface
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fracture
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the process of mountain formation
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orogenesis
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places on the earth's surface that are directly above a column of rising magma
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hot spot
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deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates as they separate
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rift
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lava that has a smooth or billowy surface
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pahoehoe
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lava that has a rough surface
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aa
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a body of magma that has hardened underground
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pluton
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solid volcanic material such as ash and rocks
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pyroclastics
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the force of attraction between particles of the same kind
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cohesion
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the force of attraction between unlike bodies that hold them together
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adhesion
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a mass of rock that can hold a large amount of ground water and through which water can flow
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aquifer
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the upper boundary of a zone of saturation
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water table
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a hot spring that periodically erupts
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geyser
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an underwater volcanic mountain on the ocean floor
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seamount
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the small organisms that float in the atmosphere
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aeolian plankton
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the area around the earth that is affected by the earth's magnetic field
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magnetosphere
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the layer of gas that protects all life on earth from UV radiation
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ozone
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human-made compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine, once used widely as aerosol
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CFCs(chlorofluorocarbons)
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an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
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barometer
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an instrument used to measure wind speed
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anemometer
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narrow bands of high-speed winds over both hemispheres
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jet streams
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visible collections of tiny water droplets or ice crystals in the atmosphere
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clouds
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condensed water vapor near the ground
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fog
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the amount of water vapor in the air
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humidity
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a storm with heavy snowfall, winds above 56km/h(35 mph)and temperatures below -6 c(20 f)
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blizzard
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the electric discharge of energy from storm clouds
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lightning
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the process by which soil loses strength and acts as a liquid instead of a solid
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liquefaction
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