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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the two main measuring systems?
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english and metric
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___cm=1 meter
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100cm
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___m= i kilometer
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1000m
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___cm=1 inch
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2.54
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___mi= 1 kilometer
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.62 miles
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velocity
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speed in a given direction
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acceleration
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the rate at which an object changes position
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a sparrow accelerates at 4 mps2 this means that each second the sparrows velocity changes by how much?
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4meters
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What does it mean when the acceleration of an object is negative?
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That the object is moving backwards.
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volume
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a measure of how much space an object takes up
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___ml= 1 liter
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1000
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mass
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amount of matter in an object
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will the mass of an object change if it is moved from the earth to the moon?
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no, only the weight
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Gram
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mass of 1 cubic centimeter of water at 4 degrees celcius
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___g= 1 kilogram
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1000 grams
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force
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push or pull of an object
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english unit of force
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pound, lb
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metric unit of force
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newton, n
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__n=1 pound
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4.5 newtons
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all objects at rest have________forces acting on them
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balanced
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All objects at a constant velocity have ____ forces acting on them
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balanced
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All accelerating objects have ______ forces acting on them
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unbalanced
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Newtons 1st law
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an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
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newtons 2nd law
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f-ma
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newtons 3rd law
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every action has an equal and opposite reaction
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value of g on earth
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9.8 meters per second2
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double mass= __________force due to gravity
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double
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Calculating work
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w=f x a
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metric unit to measure work
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newtons
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english unit to measure work
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foor pounds
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power
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rate at which work is done
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power in metric
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joules per second
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power in english
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foot pounds per second
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1 hp=_____ ft.lbs/sec
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550ft.lbs/sec
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energy
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ability to do work
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energy in greek
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work within
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energy measure in
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joules
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kinetic energy
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energy due to an objects motion
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law of conservation of energy
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energy can neither be created nor destroyed
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law of conservation of energy exception
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nuclear energy
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waves
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a traveling disturbance that carries energy
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transverse wave
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a wave at which the medium moves perpindicular to the waves direction
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transverse wave measured by
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amplitude and wavelength
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more energy, high or low amplitude wave
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high
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more energy, short or long wavelength wave
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short
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longitudinal wave
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a wave in which the medium travels back and forth with the wave
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sound is caused by...
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caused by vibrating matter
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frequency measures...
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how often waves pass by
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one hertz=
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one per second
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high pitch sound is high or low frequency
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high frequency
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high pitch long or short wavelength
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short wavelength
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speed of sound
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750 miles per hour
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how long does it take sound to travel one mile?
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5 seconds
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atom
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a tiny particle made up of protons neutrons and electrons with one nucleus
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protons charge
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positive one
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protons location
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in the nucleus
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neutrons charge
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neutral
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neutrons position
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in the nucleus
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electrons charge
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negative 1
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electrons location
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in specific orbitals surrounding the nucleus
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how much larger is a proton than a electron?
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1836 times
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what 2 particles can be added together to make another particle
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proton+electron= neutron
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atomic number
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# of protons in an atom
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Mass number
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mass of an individual atom
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isotope
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atoms of an element containing a specific number of neutrons
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aluminum=symbol, atomic #, # protons, # neutrons, # electrons, mass #, isotope symbol
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al, 13,13,14,13,27, al-27
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list eight orbitals in the order that they fill
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1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p
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valence shell
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outermost shell of an atom
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list 7 types of electromagnetic radiation
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radio, microwave, infrared, visible, uv, xrays, gamma
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list 7 colors
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roygbiv
red orange yellow green blue indigo violet |
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speed of light
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186,000 mi/sec
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refraction
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bending of light as it travels from one medium to another
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ac and dc
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alternating current and direct current
alternating can go more than one way, direct follows one specific path |
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big bang
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how the earth was created 13.7 billion years ago
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half life
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the amount of time that it takes for half of the atoms of a substance to decay
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supernova
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when iron forms, the star collapses then explodes
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