Science Exam

Front 1

passing on traits from one generation to another

Back 1

heredity

Front 2

inserting DNA into bacteria

Back 2

recombinant DNA

Front 3

study of inheritance

Back 3

genetics

Front 4

an allele inherited on a sex chromosome

Back 4

sex-linked gene

Front 5

a trait that is hidden

Back 5

recessive

Front 6

the chance that an event will take place

Back 6

proability

Front 7

genetic makeup of an organism

Back 7

genotype

Front 8

a normal allele is placed into a virus

Back 8

gene therapy

Front 9

physical apperance resulting from genotyoe

Back 9

phenotype

Front 10

both allels are expressed in offspring

Back 10

incomplete dominance

Front 11

more than one set of genes controls a trait

Back 11

polygenic inheritance

Front 12

plant processes using light energy to produce food

Back 12

photosynthesis

Front 13

anything in environment affecting the behavior of an organism

Back 13

stimulus

Front 14

response of a plant to a stimulus

Back 14

tropism

Front 15

flowering response of a plant to changes in length of light and dark in a day

Back 15

photoperiodism

Front 16

plants requiring long nights to flower

Back 16

short-day plants

Front 17

plants that flower over a wide range of night lenghts

Back 17

day-neutral plants

Front 18

plant hormone that moved to shaded side of stem

Back 18

auxins

Front 19

releasing energy from food

Back 19

respiration

Front 20

reproduction in which a new organism is produced when sex cells combine

Back 20

sexual reproduction

Front 21

cell that forms in fertilization

Back 21

zygote

Front 22

the joining of an egg and sperm

Back 22

fertilization

Front 23

a nucleic acid which carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Back 23

RNA

Front 24

structures in the nucleus that contain hereditary material

Back 24

chromosomes

Front 25

formation of two nuclei with identical chromosomes

Back 25

mitosis

Front 26

nuclear division that forms sex cells

Back 26

meiosis

Front 27

coded instructions that control cell activity (recipe)

Back 27

DNA

Front 28

segment of DNA controlling production of one protein

Back 28

gene

Front 29

any permanent chane in genetic material of a cell

Back 29

mutation

Front 30

the total of all chemical reations in an organism

Back 30

metabolism

Front 31

an organism that makes its own food

Back 31

producer

Front 32

movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there are few (H -> L)

Back 32

diffusion

Front 33

compound that does not contain carbon

Back 33

inorganic compound

Front 34

a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction in a cell

Back 34

enzyme

Front 35

passice transport of water by diffusion

Back 35

osmosis

Front 36

when the content of a vesicle are released by the cell

Back 36

exocytosis

Front 37

movement of substances without the use of energy

Back 37

passive transport

Front 38

large molecules are surrounded by the cell membrane and enter the cell (cell eating)

Back 38

endocytosis

Front 39

a combination of substances; each substance keeps its identity (no bonds)

Back 39

mixture

Front 40

structure to wich vocal cords are attached

Back 40

larynx

Front 41

tube with cartilage, mucous membranes, and cilia (windpipe)

Back 41

trachea

Front 42

branches of the trachea

Back 42

bronchi

Front 43

clusters of thin-walled air sacs

Back 43

alveoli

Front 44

muscle beneath lungs that helps air move in and out

Back 44

diaphragm

Front 45

disease resulting in a the alveoli losing their ability to expand and contract

Back 45

emphysema

Front 46

major organs of urinary sytems

Back 46

kidneys

Front 47

filtering units of the kidneys

Back 47

nephrons

Front 48

tubes that leade from each kidney to the bladder

Back 48

ureters

Front 49

organ that holds urine until it leaves the body

Back 49

bladder