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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is metabolism?
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Metabolism is the sum total of all chemical reactions in the body that are necessary to the maintenance of life
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What is a chemical reaction (Rx)?
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It is when chemicals come together and their molecules interact to form new chemicals. The Rx is fast, and gives off energy
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What is one necessary thing in order for a chemical Rx to be performed?
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Chemical bonds must be split apart, which leads to the release of energy
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What is a catalyst?
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a catalyst provides a good environment for the Rx to occur in. it speeds up whatever must happen
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What are 6 important enzyme facts/properties?
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Enzymes are a type of protein.
Enzymes are very specific; each enzyme controls only one particular type of Rx Enzymes are NOT altered/destroyed by an Rx, so an enzyme can be used multiple times. Thus, enzymes appear neither in the reactant or product. Enzymes need to be in specific environments to work properly. A damaged enzyme does not work as a catalyst to a reaction. Enzymes are destroyed by heat, because proteins are destroyed by heat. This is called "de-naturation." Enzymes are sensitive to the pH. They work best in a neutral environment (7) |
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What does the word alkalinity mean?
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It is the extreme opposite of "acidity."
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How many substrates can an enzyme convert in 1sec?
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1,000 substrates
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T or F: One enzyme can process many, many substrates.
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True
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Know the process of the enzymatic cycles.
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Yep! ("Enzymes" handout)
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What is the function of an enzymatic cycle?
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To speed up the process of making/breaking up a substrate.
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Give an example of the enzymatic cycle.
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The substrate is sucrose, which goes through the process and is broken down into fructose and glucose
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What are digestive enzymes?
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Digestive enzymes are enzymes that break down molecules in your body in order to speed up the absorption of chemical components
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Where are the main sites of digestion in a human and where in us are enzymes found.
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Enzymes are found in our digestive sites and in lysosomes.
1) Mouth (saliva glands) 2) Stomach 3) Small intestine 4) Pancreas |
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Give an example of an enzymatic cycle using catalase.
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Certain Rx is the liver produce Hydrogen peroxide. However, once catalase is combined with liver, the hydrogen peroxide is turned into harmless oxygen and water
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What is the common byproduct of chemical Rx?
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h2o
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What is the difference between fats and oils?
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at room temp, fats are solid and oils are liquid
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What are proteins made of?
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2 or more amino acid chains.
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What are carbohydrates made of?
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carbon
hydrogen 3 oxygens |
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What are some useful nutrients found in food?
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minerals
vitamins water |
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why cant cellulose be digested by humans?
hint: cellulose is made of carbohydrates |
humans lack the enzymes necessary to digest it
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Define effervescence
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The release of oxygen gas--a byproduct of the catalase-hydrogen peroxide Rx
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