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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neucleus
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The nucleus is the brain of the atom. It holds 99.9% of the atom's weight.
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Proton
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Protons have a positive charge and are particles of the nucleus.
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Neutron
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Neutrons have a neutral charge and are particles of the nucleus.
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Electron
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Electrons have a negative charge and they move rapidly around the nucleus of an atom forming an electric cloud.
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Atomic Number
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The atomic number is the number of protons in the atom.
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Istope
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All atoms of an element have the same number of protons. However, the number of neutrons will vary.
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Mass number
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The mass number is the sum of protons and neutron in the nucleus.
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Model
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Models are us by scientist to help explain ideas about the natural world. Scientist use objects to study things too small, large, slow fast, dangerous, etc.
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Atomic Mass
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The atomic mass is the average of an element's atoms.
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Chemical Symbol
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The chemical symbol is an abbreviation for that element.
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Period
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Periods are the horizontal rows on a table of elements. The elements increase by atomic number. They are labelled 1-7.
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Groups
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Groups are the columns on a table of elements. The columns are labelled 1-18. The columns are grouped into families.
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Alkali Metals
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-Very reactive metals.
-Always combined with something else in nature, like salt. -Group 1 |
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Alkali Earth Metals
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-Reactive metals that are always combined with a nonmetals in nature
-Group 2 |
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Transition Metals
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-Elements in Groups 3-12
-Less reactive harder metals -Metals used in jewelery and construction |
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Boron Family
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-Contains aluminum which is used in everyday life.
-Group 13 |
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Carbon Family
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-Group 14
-Contains elements needed to life and computers -Carbon and Silicon are both vital |
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Nitrogen Family
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-Group 15
-Nitrogen makes 1/4 of the earth's atmosphere -Phosphorus is the tip of matches |
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Chalcogans(Oxygen Family)
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-Group 16
-Necessary for respiration -Many things that stink contain sulfur |
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Hydrogen
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-Belongs to its own family
-Is a diatomic(reactant gas) -Might be an alternative fuel source |
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Halogens
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-Group 17
-Very reactive nonmetals -Always found combined with other elements in nature -They are used as disinfectents |
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Noble Gasses
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-Group 18
-Unreactive gases -Used to make neon -Have a full valence shell |
