Science Earth And Space Chapter 12

Front 1

environmental science

Back 1

the study of the interactions of the physical world

Front 2

abiotic

Back 2

non-living

Front 3

biotic

Back 3

living

Front 4

biogeochemical cycles

Back 4

nutrient cycles; recycle minerals and other nutrients in the environment

Front 5

hydrologic cycle

Back 5

the continuous recycling of water between the earth and the atmosphere

Front 6

atmospheric cycle

Back 6

the recycling of nutrients found in gases in the atmosphere

Front 7

Preservationists

Back 7

idea that states humans are merely passing through and have no claim to anything on earth and that they should not touch earth

Front 8

conservationists

Back 8

use the land wisely

Front 9

pantheism

Back 9

the idea that nature is the highest of all-they worship nature over God

Front 10

secondary pollutants

Back 10

pollutants that are formed when car exhaust, volcano eruption, or other primary pollutants mix with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce another harmful pollutant

Front 11

pollution

Back 11

any harmful substance released into the soil, air, or water

Front 12

garbage

Back 12

solid wastes

Front 13

landfill

Back 13

in which the solid wastes are collected stored and covered

Front 14

syngas

Back 14

synthetic gas used for fuel

Front 15

air pollution

Back 15

the introduction of harmful chemicals or microscopic solids into the atmosphere

Front 16

primary pollutants

Back 16

pollutants that come directly from a source such as car pollution and volcanos

Front 17

temperature inversion

Back 17

a situation in which cool air at the surface is overlaid by warmer air

Front 18

point-source pollutant

Back 18

where pollution enters the water at one specific point

Front 19

non-point source pollutant

Back 19

in which pollution enters the water at many different points

Front 20

coliform bacteria

Back 20

bacteria that live in the intestines of people and animals

Front 21

acid deposition

Back 21

the falling of acidic precipitation onto the planet

Front 22

scrubbers

Back 22

remove certain gases and particles from industrial exhaust

Front 23

agricultural lime purification

Back 23

a purified form of limestone that is used to correct overly acidic soil

Front 24

anthropogenic global warning

Back 24

the idea that man is causing the earth to undergo a rapid rise in temperature

Front 25

Rowland-Molina hypothesis

Back 25

proposes that long-living halogen compounds can cause ozone depletion

Front 26

HFCs

Back 26

one of the replacements for CFCs-hydrofluorocarbons

Front 27

Dobson units

Back 27

the thickness of the ozone layer is measured in these units

Front 28

Montreal Protocol

Back 28

called for the reduction of CFCs by 1999

Front 29

anthropogenic

Back 29

caused by humans

Front 30

HCFCs

Back 30

one of the replacements for CFCs-hydrochloroflurocarbons

Front 31

Little Ice Age

Back 31

the drop of global temperatures in the early 1300s

Front 32

carbon dioxide

Back 32

environmentalists claim that the recent rise in global temperature is caused by the release of greenhouse gases the main one being ______.

Front 33

natural resource

Back 33

a natural material that mankind can use

Front 34

nonrenewable resources

Back 34

the natural resources that regenerate slowly if at all

Front 35

renewable resources

Back 35

the natural resources that regenerate quickly

Front 36

sustainable development

Back 36

seek to maintain our current lifestyle while preserving resources for future generations

Front 37

environmental technology

Back 37

develops new methods of conservation through the application of environmental science

Front 38

water reclamation

Back 38

the process of quickly and safely returning wastewater to the environment

Front 39

outfall

Back 39

the place where water is discharged

Front 40

solar energy

Back 40

energy that coms from the sun's radiation

Front 41

passive solar energy

Back 41

uses the solar energy that naturally falls on a building to heat it directly

Front 42

active solar energy

Back 42

collects and converts the energy emitted by the sun into electricity

Front 43

photovoltaic cells

Back 43

convert sunlight directly into electricity

Front 44

concentrating solar energy

Back 44

uses lenses or mirrors to focus the sun's rays into a small beam that is directed at a fluid

Front 45

wind power

Back 45

electrical power that comes from the wind

Front 46

wind turbine

Back 46

a device that generates electricity by wind-caused motion is called wind turbine

Front 47

wind farm

Back 47

a large area covered in wind turbines

Front 48

hydroelectric power

Back 48

electricity that is produced from the energy of moving water; the most widely used form of renewable energy

Front 49

nucleus

Back 49

core of the atom

Front 50

nuclear fission

Back 50

process in which an atom of an element with a large nucleus breaks into two atoms of elements with smaller nuclei

Front 51

nuclear chain reaction

Back 51

the process of atoms splitting and releasing neutrons that trigger more atoms to split

Front 52

nuclear reactor

Back 52

a device that starts and controls the fission chain reaction

Front 53

breeder reactor

Back 53

produces more fissionable fuel than it uses