Science Common Assessment Task Year 9

Front 1

Where is the Cerebrum Located?

Back 1

The Fore Brain.

Hint 1

It is the biggest part of the brain.

Front 2

What do hormones do?

Back 2

Hormones tell cells what to do. They control body activities such as growth, development and reproduction.

Front 3

How are Horomones created?

Back 3

Hormones are created by the endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, pancreas and ovaries.

Front 4

What are Endocrine Glands?

Back 4

Endocrine glands are glands of the Endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the blood.

Front 5

What are hormones?

Back 5

Hormones are chemical substances produced within plants and animals that tell cells what to do.

Front 6

What is the Growth hormone?

Back 6

HGH (Human Growth Hormone) or somatropin. It is produced by the Pituitary gland and determines height, bone length and muscle growth.

Front 7

What are the Reproductive hormones?

Back 7

Estrogen and Progesterone.

Front 8

What are Receptors?

Back 8

Receptors are structures that recieve information about any stimuli or changes in external or internal surroundings.

Front 9

What is the function of the Myelin Sheath?

Back 9

Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath, that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. The purpose of the myelin sheath is to allow electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

Front 10

What are Effectors?

Back 10

Effectors are organs or cells the react in response to a stimuli.

Front 11

What are stimuli?

Back 11

Stimuli are things or events that evoke specific functional reactions in organs or tissue.

Front 12

What parts of the body make up the Central Nervous System? (CNS)

Back 12

The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the brain and the spinal cord, which are located within and protected by the skull and the vertebral column respectively.

Front 13

What does the Cerebrum control?

Back 13

The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain function such as thought and action.

Front 14

What in an interorceptor?

Back 14

Interorceptors are sensory receptors that recieve stimuli from inside the body, especially from the gut or other organs.

Front 15

What is Homeostasis?

Back 15

Homeostasis is how the body controls body temperature and pH levels (Alkaline and Acidity levels).

Front 16

What is responsible for Hormone production in the body?

Back 16

The hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a section of the brain responsible for hormone production. The hormones produced by this area of the brain control body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, circadian rhythm, moods, sex drive, and the release of other hormones in the body.

Front 17

What is the Medulla?

Back 17

The medulla oblongata is a portion of the hindbrain that controls unconscious functions such as breathing, digestion and heart rate.

Front 18

Where is the Medulla located?

Back 18

The Medulla is located just in front of the Cerebellum on the bottom of the brain stem (or, what you may know it as, the big lumpy part at the back).

Front 19

What are the four lobes of the Neocortex?

Back 19

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, and Occipital.W

Front 20

What do the frontal lobes do?

Back 20

The frontal lobes are involved with control of movement, from stimulation of individual muscles to abstract planning about what to do

Front 21

What does the parietal lobe do?

Back 21

The parietal lobe processes visual, auditory and touch information.

Front 22

What does the temporal lobe do?

Back 22

The temporal lobe is the primary area for early auditory processing and a high level visual processing area.

Front 23

What does the occipital lobe do?

Back 23

The occipital lobe processes visual information and sends it to the parietal and temporal lobes.

Front 24

What are neurons?

Back 24

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit Nerve impulses.

Front 25

What is the function of the Peripheral Nervous System? (PNS)

Back 25

Some of your peripheral nervous system (PNS) is under your voluntary control - the nerves that carry instructions from your brain to your limbs, for example. As well as controlling your muscles and joints, it sends all the information from your senses back to your brain.

Front 26

What are nerves?

Back 26

Nerves are whitish fibres or bundles of fibres in the body that transmit impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.

Front 27

What is the function of Axons?

Back 27

Axons are the long thread-like part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.

Front 28

What does the Adrenal Gland do?

Back 28

The adrenal cortex—the outer part of the gland—produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (which helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress) and aldosterone (which helps control blood pressure).

Front 29

What is the thyroid responsible for?

Back 29

The thyroid gland controls the rate of chemical reactions in cells.

Front 30

What are Motor Neurons?

Back 30

Motor Neurons are responsible for carrying nerve impulses from the brain to the muscles and glands.

Front 31

What are Sensory Neurons?

Back 31

Sensory Neurons are nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses.

Front 32

What does the Pancreas control?

Back 32

The pancreas controls Blood Glucose levels within the body.

Front 33

What do parathyroid glands control?

Back 33

Parathyroid glands control the body's calcium levels.

Front 34

What is the Ethylene hormone in plants?

Back 34

The Ethylene hormone hormone is a gas hormone with the molecular structure: H2C=CH2.

Front 35

What does the plant hormone Ethylene do?

Back 35

As they approach maturity, many fruits (e.g., apples, oranges, avocados) release ethylene.

Ethylene then promotes the ripening of the fruit.

Ethylene also affects many other plant functions such as:

* abscission of leaves, fruits, and flower petals;
* drooping of leaves;
* sprouting of potato buds;
* seed germination;
* stem elongation in rice;
* flower formation in some species.

Front 36

What is a synapse?

Back 36

A synpase is the junction between two nerve cells. (Impulses pass through it by diffusing a neurotransmitter)

Front 37

What is a neurotransmitter?

Back 37

A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance which is released at the end of a nerve fibre by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, effects the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fibre, a muscle fibre, or some other structure.

Front 38

What are the steps taken by our body in order to react to stimuli?

Back 38

Receptor detects stimulus > Impulse travels along sensory neuron > Central Nervous System (CNS) processes the information > Electrical impulse travels back along the motor neuron > Effector carries out response