Science: Chemistry

Front 1

Matter

Back 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Front 2

The particle theory of matter

Back 2

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles.

2. Each pure substance has its own particles

3. Particles attract each other

4. Particle are always moving

5. Particles at a higher temp move faster on ave than particles at lower temp

Front 3

Classification of matter

Back 3

1. Mixtures

1.1. Mechanical mixtures

1.2. Solutions

2. Pure substances

2.1. Elements

2.2. Compounds

Front 4

1.Pure Substance

2. Mixture

Back 4

1. Matter that contains only one kind of particle (water and Helium)

2. Matter that contains more than one kind of particle. (e.g. air contains different gases: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other)

Front 5

1. Elements

2. Compounds

Back 5

1. An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler parts by physical or chemical methods

2. A compound is a pure substance that is made of two or more different elements which are chemically combined. It can be broken down in elements by chemical means (e.g. electrolysis to break down water into H2 and O)

Front 6

Physical property

Back 6

A characteristic of a substance that you can observe and and measure without changing identity of the subtance

Front 7

Qualitative physical properties

Back 7

* Can be observed and described without detailed measurement.

1. colour

2. odour

3. state

4. texure

5. lustre

6. malleability

Front 8

Quantitative physical properties

Back 8

* Properties that can be measured and assigned a particular measure.

1. Viscosity

2. Melting point

3. Boiling point

4. Solubility

5. Hardness

6. Conductivity

7. Density

Front 9

States of Matter

Back 9

Front 10

Solubility

Back 10

* A measure of the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in another substance (solvent).

A solution with water as a solvent: "aqueous solution". e.g. blood

Insoluble: substance that does not/has very low solubility.

Front 11

Hardness

Back 11

* The ability of a substance to be scratched. (useful to determine practical use)

* Measured with Mohs Scale

Front 12

Conductivity

Back 12

* The ability to conduct electricity (electrical wires made of Copper).

Front 13

Density

Back 13

* The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume it occupies. For a particular mass of a substance a certain volume is required. It is a property of solids but also gases and liquids.

Liquids with different densities will separate in layers (e.g. oil & water)

Front 14

Water

Back 14

1. The only natural substance that exists in all three phases

2. Universal solvent (dissolves more substances than any other liquid)

3. Can absorb a lot of heat before beginning to become hot

4. Its solid form, ice is less dense than the liquid.