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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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most of an atom's mass and positive charge is concentrated in a small area in the center of the atom called the ____________. |
nucleus |
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an atomic particle that has one positive charge |
proton |
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a neutral particle that exists in the nucleus of an atom |
neutron |
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a particle with one negative charge |
electron |
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an area around an atomic nucleus where an electron is most likely to be located |
electron cloud |
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the process of making ions |
ionization |
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the average mass of the element's isotopes weighted according to the abundance of each isotope |
average atomic mass |
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are atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons |
isotope |
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is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
mass number |
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the number of protons in an atom of an element |
atomic number |
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elements that spontaneously emit radiation |
radioactive |
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a process that occurs when an unstoppable atomic nucleus changes into another more stable nucleus by emitting radiation |
nuclear decay |
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an atom that is no longer neutral because it has gained or lost electrons |
ion |
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a chart of the elements arranged into rows and columns according to their physical and chemical properties |
Periodic Table |
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a column on the periodic table |
group |
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the rows on the periodic table |
period |
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an element that is generally shiny. it is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets. |
metal |
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describes the ability of a metal to reflect light |
luster |
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the ability to be pulled into thin wires |
ductility |
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the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets |
malleability |
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the elements in group 1 |
alkali metals |
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the elements in group 2 |
Alkaline Earth Metals |
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the elements in group 3-12 |
transition metals |
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elements that have no metallic properties |
nonmetals |
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an element in group 17 |
halogen |
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the elements in group 18 |
noble gas |
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an element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals |
metalloids |
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conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures |
semiconductors |
