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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
electrons do not orbit the
nucleus like planets, but can be found anywhere in the atom based on their energy level
electron cloud theory
all eloments are composed of atoms that cannot be divided
Dalton
countered thomson's modle, inferred that an atoms positive charge must be clustered in a tiny region called the nucleus
rutherford
proposed that an atom consists of negative charges scattered throughout a ball of positive charge
thomson
states that electrons have only certin amounts of energy and can only move in certain orbits
Bohr
describes an atom as consisting of a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud-like region of moving electrons
Modern atomic theory
the smallest partical of an element
atom
a tiny region in the center of an atom
nucleus
negatively charged particles in an atom
electron
positively charged particles in an atom
proton
the unique number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
mass number
atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
isotopes
the Average mass of an element's atom
Atomic mass
the elements arranged in a regular repeating pattern
periodic table
vertical columns of elements with similar characteristics
groups
horizontal rows of elements with similar characteristics
periods
a process in which 2 atomic nuclei combine forming a larger nucleus and releasing huge amounts of energy
nuclear fusion
when a large star explodes producing more heavy elements
supernova