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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
diffusion
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the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
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osmosis
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the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane
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passive transport
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the movement of substances across a cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy
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active transport
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the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy.
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endocytosis
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the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell.
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exocytosis
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the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.
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photosynthesis
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the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food.
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cellular respiration
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the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food.
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fermentation
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the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen.
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cell cycle
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the life cycle of a cell
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chromosome
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in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA.
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homologous chromosomes
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chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.
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mitosis
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in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes
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cytokinesis
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the division and cytoplasm of a cell
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