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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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air mass
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a huge body of air that has similar temperature and humidity
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tropical
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warm air masses that form in the trips and have low air pressure
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polar
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cold air masses from north of 50 degrees north latitude and south of 50 degrees south latitude
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maritime
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moist air masses formed over oceans
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continental
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dry air masses formed over land
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front
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the area where air masses meet but do not mix. they collide!
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occluded
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warm air is cut off from the ground by surrounding cold air. this front can last for days!
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cyclone
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a swirling center of low pressure represented by an "L" on a weather map. winds spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. cyclones are associated with storms and precipitation.
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anticyclone
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high pressure centers of dry air, also called "highs". represented by an "H" on the weather map.
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storm
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a violent disturbance in the atmosphere. involves sudden changes in air pressure, which in turn causes rapid air movements.
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lightning
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created when a sudden spark, or energy discharge, jumps between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds, or from a cloud to the ground.
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tornado
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a rapidly whirling funnel shaped cloud, developed in a low cumulonimbus cloud, that reaches down to touch earth's surface. speeds of a tornado's winds can reach 480 kilometers per hour.
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hurricane
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a tropical storm with winds of 119 kilometers per hour or higher. a typical hurricane is approximately 600 kilometers across. hurricanes form over the atlantic ocean, as well as the pacific and indian oceans. they form over warm water as a low air pressure.
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storm surge
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a wall of water that forms when low pressure and high winds of a hurricane over the ocean raise the water at least 6 meters above normal sea level.
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evacuate
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to move away temporarily. those who near hurricane warnings should evacuate immediately!
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flash flood
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a sudden, violent flood that occurs within a few minutes or hours of a storm
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meteorologist
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a scientist who studies causes of weather and tries to predict it
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el niño
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a weather pattern related to the temperature of the water in the tropical pacific ocean. they set off a series of events that can influence weather half a world away!
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isobar
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lines joining places on a map that have the same barometric pressure
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isotherm
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lines joining places on a map that have the same temperature
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