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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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element
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any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
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compound
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when two or more elements combine chemically
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carbohydrate
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an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements hydrogen,carbon,and oxygen
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lipid
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energy-rich organic compound made of the elements hydrogen carbon and oxygen. They conain alot of energy Example: fats,oils,wax
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protein
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are large organic molecules made up of carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
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amino acid
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protein molecules that are made up of smaller molecules
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enzyme
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a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
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nucleic acid
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are very long organic molecules made up of carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen and phosphorus.
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DNA
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is the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.
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RNA
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plays an important role in the production of proteins
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selectively permeable
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which means that some substances can pass through the membrane while others cant.
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diffusion
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is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration.
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osmosis
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is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
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passive transport
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the movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy.
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active transport
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is the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy.
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photosynthesis
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the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food.
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autotroph
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an organism that makes its own food.
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heterotroph
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an organism that cannot makes it own food.
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pigments
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colored chemical compounds that absorb light.
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chlorophyll
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the main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts.
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stomata
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carbon dioxide enters the plant through small openings on the undersides of leaves.
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respiration
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is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose.
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fermentation
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an energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen.
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