Science Chapter 3-4

Front 1

cillia and flagella

Back 1

propel cells through the environment, more materials over the cell surface

Front 2

wax

Back 2

structural lipid

Front 3

cell wall

Back 3

protects cells

Front 4

major type of lipids in cm

Back 4

phospholipid

Front 5

tissues

Back 5

group of cells that carry out specific information

Front 6

enzymes

Back 6

organic molecules that act like catalysts

Front 7

nuclear matrix

Back 7

protein skeleton

Front 8

polymers

Back 8

complex molecules

Front 9

microfilaments and microtubules

Back 9

contribute to the support, movement, and division of cells

Front 10

peptide

Back 10

two amino acids forming a covelant bond

Front 11

nucleolous

Back 11

where ribosomes are synthesized

Front 12

carbon bonding

Back 12

carbon bonds with itself

Front 13

spindfibers

Back 13

bundle of microtubules

Front 14

polysaccharide

Back 14

triple sugar

Front 15

Golgi apparatus

Back 15

processes and packages substances produced by the cell

Front 16

anton van leeuwenhoek

Back 16

1673- first person to observe living cells

Front 17

organ system

Back 17

set of organs that work together to preform a task

Front 18

hydrolysis

Back 18

breakdown of some complex molecules such as polymers

Front 19

nuclear pore

Back 19

transfers RNA

Front 20

alcohol

Back 20

organic compound with hydroxyl group alternate to one of carbon atoms

Front 21

nucleus

Back 21

stores hereditary information in DNA, synthesises RNA

Front 22

matthias schleiden

Back 22

1838 - all plants are composed of cells

Front 23

ER

Back 23

rought ER; prepares proteins for export
smooth ER; synthesizes steroids, regulates calcium level, breaks down toxic substances

Front 24

isomers

Back 24

compounds like sugar with a single chemical formula but different forms. (glucose, fructose, and galactose)

Front 25

nuclear envelope

Back 25

double membrane surrounding the nucleus

Front 26

nucleus

Back 26

contains genetic information

Front 27

lysosome

Back 27

digest mole. old organelles, and foreign substances

Front 28

cells are limited by size because

Back 28

of ratio between the outer area and volume

Front 29

organs

Back 29

group of tissues

Front 30

cell theory

Back 30

1. all living things are composed of one or more cells
2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms
3. cells come only from the production of existing cells

Front 31

ribonucleic acid

Back 31

stores and transfers information that is assential for the manufactoring of proteins

Front 32

fatty acids

Back 32

unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids

Front 33

phospholipids

Back 33

two fatty acids joined by a molecules of glycerol

Front 34

monomers

Back 34

simple molecule

Front 35

eukaryotes

Back 35

organisms whose cells are surrounded by a membrane bound

Front 36

hydrophilliac

Back 36

water loving

Front 37

substrate

Back 37

reactant being catalyzed

Front 38

robert hooke

Back 38

1665 - discoverd cells (of dead plants)

Front 39

Rudolph virchow

Back 39

1855 - all animals are composed of cells

Front 40

hydrophobic

Back 40

water fearing

Front 41

hydrogen bond

Back 41

attraction of two water molecules together

Front 42

lipids

Back 42

nonpolar organic molecules that do not dissolve in water

Front 43

fluid mossaic model

Back 43

a model scientists use to show the CM

Front 44

macromolecules

Back 44

large polymers

Front 45

carbohydrates

Back 45

organic compound composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Front 46

functional groups

Back 46

cluster of atoms, influence property of molecules

Front 47

monosaccharide

Back 47

simple sugar

Front 48

polypeptide

Back 48

amino acids bond to eachother forming a long chain

Front 49

amino acids

Back 49

monomer building blocks of proteins, share a basic structure

Front 50

Polar/nonpolar

Back 50

uneven/even patterns of charge

Front 51

condensation reaction

Back 51

chemical reaction that makes monomers link to form polymers

Front 52

adhesion

Back 52

attraction between unlike substances

Front 53

nucleic acids

Back 53

large and complex organic molecules that store important info. of the cell

Front 54

proteins

Back 54

organic compounds composed of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon

Front 55

Disaccharide

Back 55

double sugar

Front 56

triglyceride

Back 56

composed of 3 molecules of fatty acids joined in one molecule of the alcohol glycerol

Front 57

internal structures

Back 57

organelles

Front 58

ATP

Back 58

compounds containing large amount of energy

Front 59

nucleotides

Back 59

thousand of linked monomers

Front 60

cohesion

Back 60

particles of the same kind

Front 61

capillarity

Back 61

property of water

Front 62

steroids

Back 62

composed of 4 fused carbon ringswith various functional groups attached to them

Front 63

size of cells (number

Back 63

5-10

Front 64

dipeptide

Back 64

two amono acids that bond

Front 65

selectively permiable

Back 65

the tendency of the CM to select which substances can enter the cell

Front 66

integral protiens

Back 66

proteins that are ambedded in the bilayer

Front 67

variety of shape varies by

Back 67

function

Front 68

prokaryotes

Back 68

cells who lack a membrane bound

Front 69

ribosomes

Back 69

organizes the synthesis of proteins

Front 70

cytosol

Back 70

organelles are bathed in a gelatin - like aquous fluid

Front 71

cytroplasm

Back 71

contains organells in the cell

Front 72

mitochondrion

Back 72

transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP

Front 73

cell membrane

Back 73

protects the cell