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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Exosphere
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Layer of the atmosphere, merges with inner planetary space
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Ionosphere
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part of the earth's atmosphere, from 80-550 km above surface -particles exist
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Thermosphere
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Layer of the atmosphere above mesosphere
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Mesopause
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upper boundary of mesosphere, marked by temp increase
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Mesosphere
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Layer of the atmosphere above stratosphere & from 50-80 km
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Stratopause
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high-temp zone, marks upper boundary of stratosphere
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Stratosphere
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above troposphere, from 12-50 km, contains ozone layer, air gets warmer because of solar energy
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Tropopause
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upper boundary of troposphere, temp remains almost constant
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Troposphere
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water vapor & CO2, temp decreases as altitude increases, split from stratosphere by tropopause
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Atmospheric pressure
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ratio of force of air to area of surface on which it presses
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Barometer
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instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
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Standard atmospheric pressure
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atmospheric pressure measured at sea level -760mm of mercury
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Temperature inversion
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atmospheric condition -layer of cold air trapped beneath layer of warm air
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Climate
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typical weather patterns over a period of years, in a given location
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Conduction
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type of energy transfer in which vibrating molecules pass heat along to other vibrating molecules by direct contact
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Convection cell
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looping pattern of flowing air
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Westerlies
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global winds located between 40-60 latitude that flow from Southwest (northern hemisphere)& Northwest (southern hemisphere)
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Trade winds
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winds that flow toward the equator between 30-0 latitude
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Polar easterlies
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weak global winds located north of 65 north latitude and south of 65 south latitude that flow away from poles
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Subpolar low
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belt of low air pressure at about 60 north and 60 south latitude
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Horse latitudes
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belts of high air pressure and very dry descending air located at about 30 latitude north & south of the equator
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Doldrums
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a rainy equatorial belt of low air pressure and slowly rising air
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Electromagnetic spectrum
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total range of electromagnetic waves, from radio waves to gamma rays
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Albedo
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percent of solar radiation reflected by a surface
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Greenhouse effect
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ability of atmosphere to absorb long heat waves from earth after allowing sun's short waves to pass through it
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Jet stream
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narrow band of strong westerly winds at high levels in middle latitudes usually at heights of 6000-12000m
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Nitrogen cycle
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process in which nitrogen moves from the air to the soil to animals and back to air
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Ozone
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form of atmospheric oxygen that has 3 atoms per molecult instead of 2 per molecule (regular oxygen)
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Weather
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the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place
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