Science Chapter 17 Study Guide

Front 1

Earthquakes

Back 1

Consists of a series of shock waves traveling through the earth

Front 2

Elastic Rebound

Back 2

Rapid movement of rocks along a fault surface as excessive stress is released during an earthquake.

Front 3

Seismologist

Back 3

Scientists who study earthquake

Front 4

Seismographes

Back 4

An instrument used to measure earthquake waves

Front 5

Richter scale

Back 5

A scale used to rate earthquakes based on height of the Seismographic trace produced on Richter recording drum.

Front 6

Magnitude

Back 6

The energy released during an earthquake

Front 7

Intensity

Back 7

Measured by an earthquakes destructiveness

Front 8

Focus

Back 8

The center of the earthquakes activity

Front 9

Primary waves

Back 9

The first waves that reach a seismic station after an earthquake

Front 10

Secondary waves

Back 10

The secondary waves that reach a seismic station after an earthquake

Front 11

Long waves

Back 11

The last waves that reach a seismic station after an earthquake

Front 12

Volcano

Back 12

A landform built up by solidified molten rock that has come to the earths surface through a vent from a source of magma deep in the earth.

Front 13

Vent

Back 13

An opening in the crust of the earth from which lava and gases can be emitted

Front 14

Lava

Back 14

Molten rock that is discharged onto the earth's surface by a volcano

Front 15

Volcanic cone

Back 15

A conical landform built up by successive eruptions of a volcano.

Front 16

Crater

Back 16

A round depression in a volcanos surface set apart by a raised rim of rocky debris

Front 17

Glowing avalanche

Back 17

A rapidly flowing volcanic emission of red hot solid particles suspended in stream or hot gases

Front 18

Pyroclastic materials

Back 18

Volcanic emissions of solidified lava in peices of any size including ash, cinders, bombs, and sometimes large blocks of rock

Front 19

Ash

Back 19

The fine mist of solid lava particles that fall

Front 20

Tephra

Back 20

An accumulation of loose ash

Front 21

Cinders

Back 21

Like ash but larger

Front 22

Bombs

Back 22

Blocks of lava that solidify in a stream lined shape as they fly through the air.

Front 23

Shield volcanos

Back 23

Discharge mainly runny lava in relativley quiet eruptions

Front 24

Cinder cones

Back 24

Explosively eject mostly pyroclastic materials

Front 25

Composite cones or stratovolcanoes

Back 25

Eject lava and pyroclastic materials in alternating episodes

Front 26

Active volcanos

Back 26

Has erupted within historical times or shows signs that it could erupt at any time

Front 27

Dormant volcano

Back 27

Has not erupted in historical times but could erupt based on seismic indications of tectonic activity beneath the volcano

Front 28

extinct volcanos

Back 28

Has no historical record of eruption. Gives evidence for long periods of inactivity based on erosion patterns and has no significant seismic activity in the earth beneath it

Front 29

Circum pacific belt

Back 29

Sometimes called the ring of fire it surronds the pacific ocean and corresonds to the zone where the Pacific tectonic plate is subducting beneath adjacent plates

Front 30

Alpine himalayan belt

Back 30

Extends from the Mediterranean area eastward through turkey and the middle east north of india and on into the Indonesian islands

Front 31

Hot Spring

Back 31

An area where heated water simply rises to the surface in a liquid state

Front 32

Mud pots

Back 32

Hot springs that come to the surface in volcanic ash and cinder fields suspend the tephra perticles

Front 33

Geyser

Back 33

A thermal spring that ejects its water from the ground at intervals

Front 34

Geothermal energy

Back 34

Produced within the crust of the earh from magma intrusions