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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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center of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons
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nucleus
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a positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom
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proton
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a neutral subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom
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neutron
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a tiny negatively charged subatomic particle moving around outside the nucleus of an atom
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electron
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any of the possible energies an electron may have in an atom
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energy levels
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a region in an atom where there is a high possibility of finding electrons
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orbital
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an electron in the outermost energy levels of an atom
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valence electron
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properties of elements tend to change in a regular pattern when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, or number of protons in their atoms
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periodic law
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horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
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period
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a vertical column of elements in the periodic table
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group//family
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the process of adding electrons to or removing electrons from an atom or group of atoms
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ionization
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an atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electrons and therefore has a net electric charge
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ion
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an ion with a positive charge
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cation
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an ion with a negative charge
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anion
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number
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the total number or protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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mass number
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any atom having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
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isotopes
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a quantitiy equal to 1/2 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
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atomic mass number
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the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occuring isotopes of an element
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average atomic number
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the elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity
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metals
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the elements that are usually poor conducters of heat and electricity
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nonmetals
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the elements that are intermediate conductors of heat and electricity
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semiconductors
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the highly reactive metallic elelments located in group one of the peiodic table
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alkali metals
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the reactive metallic metals in group 2 of the periodic table
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alkali earth metals
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the metallic elements located in groups 3-12 of the periodic table
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transition metals
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the highly reactive elements located in Group 17 of the periodic table
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halogens
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the unreactive gaseous elements located in Group 18 of the periodic table
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noble gases
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the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance
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mole
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the number of particles in 1 mol; equals 6.022 x 10 exp 23/mol
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avogadro's constant
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the mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance
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molar mass
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a ratio equal to one that expresses the same quantity in 2 differnt ways
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conversion factor
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