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141 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pair of pliers
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two first class combined
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scissors
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1st
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wheelbarrow
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2nd
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Wagon
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2nd
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hinge doors
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2nd
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nutcracker
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2nd
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stapler
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2nd
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bottle opener
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2nd
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nailclipper
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2nd
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pulleys are ....
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modified levers
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Pulleys are modified BLANKS
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levers
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Sometimes when multiple pulleys are combined they form a Single unit called a BLANK & BLANK
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Block and tackle
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Block and tackle
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When multiple pulleys are combined they form this single unit
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Using moving pulleys or more than one pulley can increase
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mechanical advantage
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Steering wheel is ex of which simple machine
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Wheel and axle
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A wheel and axle is made of BLANK or BLANK connected to a BLANK
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Lever or Pulley connected to a Shaft.
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Exs of Wheel and Axle machines:
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Screwdrivers , cranks , and steering wheels
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Screwdrivers , cranks , and steering wheels
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Exs of Wheel and Axle machines:
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Does pushing an object up an inclined plane require less or more input force than lifting the same object does?
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Less force
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pushing an object up an inclined plane requires BLANK input force than lifting the same object does
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LESS
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MA of an inclined plane is found/ equal to the :
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length of the inclined plane / by the height to which the load is lifted
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length of the inclined plane / by the height to which the load is lifted : equal to
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MA of an inclined plane
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Which type of simple machine is a modified inclined plane?
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A wedge
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A BLANK is a modified inclined plane
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A wedge.
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an Ax Blade and nails are Examples of
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wedges
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pg 442 study wedge drawing
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:)
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A screw is a BLANK wrapped around a BLANK
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Inclined Plane wrapped around a Cylinder
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Examples of screws:
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A drill bit, jar lids , spiral staircases
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A drill bit, jar lids , spiral staircases : examples of BLANKS
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Screws
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A Machine that combines two or more simple machines
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A compound machine
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Examples of Compound machines:
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A pair of scissors (2 first class levers, most car jacks use a lever in combo with a large screw, Bikes and cars.
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Examples of simple machines in cars:
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Brake lever , Gears
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Brake lever , Gears : examples of
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simple machines in cars
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A moving object has BLANK associated with its BLANK
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Energy , Motion
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>Whenever work is done , energy is BLANKED from one system to another system.
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transferred
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>Whenever work is done , BLANK is transferred from one system to another system.
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Energy
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"the ability to work"
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definition of energy
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What is measured in Joules
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energy
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Energy is measured in BLANKS
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Joules
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Can energy be present in a object or system that is at rest?
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Yes.
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What is the ability to do work?
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Energy
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What two things are measured in joules?
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Energy and the ability to do work
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>Potential Energy (PE) is sometimes called BLANK of BLANK because it results from the relative positions of objects in a system
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Energy of Position
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A stretched rubber band stores energy in a form called BLANK which is also known as BLANK
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Potential Energy ....Energy of position
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KNOW ELASTIC POTENTIAL ENERGY
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PAGE 445
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Which things have elastic potential energy?
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Stretched bungee cords , and compressed springs
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Gravitational potential energy
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The energy gained by an object as its height above ground level increases.
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The energy gained by an object as its height above ground level increases.
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Gravitational potential energy
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ex of Gravitational potential energy is BLANK
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Roller coasters
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Gravitational Potential energy depends on both BLANK and BLANK
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Mass and height
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BLANK energy depends on both mass and height
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Gravitational Potential energy
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Apples : 1 on high branch one on low which has more Gravitational Potential energy with respect to the earth? (NOTE APPLES ARE OF SAME SIZE)
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The higher branch apple
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Two apples of different weight at same height which has more Gravitational Potential energy , heavy or light apple?
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The heavier apple
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PE: mgh
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Gravitational Potential energy: mass*freefall acceleration *height
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Gravitational Potential energy: mass*freefall acceleration *height
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PE: mgh
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Gravitational Potential Energy is calculated by multiplying BLANK and BLANK
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Force and Newtons
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The Energy that an object has because of the position , shape or condition of the object
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Potential Energy
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Potential Energy
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The Energy that an object has because of the position , shape or condition of the object
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Kinetic Energy
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The energy of an object due to the object's motion
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The energy of an object due to the object's motion
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Kinetic Energy
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The energy an object has because it is moving is called BLANK
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Kinetic Energy
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The Kinetic Energy an object has depends on the object's BLANK and BLANK
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Mass and rate of acceleration
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Kinetic Energy is expressed in BLANK
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Joules
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Kinetic Energy depends more on BLANK than it depends on BLANK
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Speed than Mass
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Do Atoms and molecules have kinetic energy? WHY?
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Yes they do. Because they are always moving
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The higher the BLANK energy of the atoms and molecules in an object the higher the BLANK
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Kinetic , Temperature of object
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Mechanical Energy
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The amount of work an object can do because of the objects kinetic and potential energies
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The amount of work an object can do because of the objects kinetic and potential energies
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Mechanical Energy
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Energy that lies at the level of the atom is sometimes called BLANK
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Nonmechanical Energy
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What involves Potential energy?
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Chemical reactions
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Chemical ENergy is a kind of BLANK
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Potential Energy
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BLANK releases the energy ur body needs in order to live and do work
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Respiration
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Where does the sun get energy from?
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Nuclear reactions - Nuclear fusion
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Process Nuclear power plants use to release nuclear energy
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Nuclear fissions
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Most common measurement of food energy
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The calorie
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List three forms of energy
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Potential energy
Gravitational Potential energy Kinetic Energy |
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How energy differs from work?
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Energy is the ability to do work
work is the transfer of energy to an object by use of force that causes object to move in the direction of the force. |
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Work
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the transfer of energy to an object by use of force that causes object to move in the direction of the force.
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the transfer of energy to an object by use of force that causes object to move in the direction of the force.
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Work
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Work is only done when
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Force is applied to an object and the object moves in the same direction as the applied force.
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W=Fd
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Work = Force times Distance
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What is Work measured in?
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Joules
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Power
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A quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is tranformed
or The rate at which work is done or how much work is done in a given amount of time |
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A quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is tranformed
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Power
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The rate at which work is done or how much work is done in a given amount of time
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Power
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P= W/t
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Power = work/time
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Power is measured in BLANK
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Watts
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Machines help do work by Changing the BLANK of an input force , the BLANK of the force or both
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Size , Direction
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Machines help do work by BLANK ,BLANK or both
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Changing the Size of an input force , the Direction of the force or both
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How do machines help do work?
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Changing the Size of an input force , the Direction of the force or both
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Mechanical Advantage
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Defined as the ration between the output force and the input force.
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Defined as the ration between the output force and the input force.
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Mechanical Advantage
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Equal to the ration between the input distance and the output distance if friction is ignored
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Mechanical Advantage
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Equation for MA
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Ma = output force/ input force = input distance/output distance
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A quantity that expresses how much a machine multiplies force or distance
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Mechanical Advantage
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A machine with a ma greater than one must
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multiply the input force
<- this machine helps lift/move heavy things |
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A machine w/ma less than one does not BLANK but does increses BLANK and BLANK
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Multiply force but does increase distance and speed
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Simple machines are the most BLANK machines
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Basic
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The Six types of Simple machines
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1.Simple lever
2.The Pulley 3.The wheel and axle 4.The simple inclined plane 5.The Wedge 6. The Screw |
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1.Simple lever
2.The Pulley 3.The wheel and axle 4.The simple inclined plane 5.The Wedge 6. The Screw |
The Six types of Simple machines
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The two families
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Lever family and inclined plane family
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Which Class lever has a fulcrum located between the pts of application of the input and output forces.
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1st class lever
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In the BLANK class lever the fulcrum is @ one end of the arm and the input force is applied to the other end.
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2nd class lever
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Blank class levers multiply distance rather than force. As a result they have a ma of less than one.
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3rd class lever
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Which class lever always has ma of less than one
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3rd class lever
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What do all levers have?
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A rigid arm that turns around a point called the fulcrum
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NEED TO KNOW : Energy readily changes from one form to another
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pg 453
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Can potential energy become kinetic energy?
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Yep :) pg 454
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Can Kinetic energy become potential energy?
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Yep :) pg 454
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Where in the roller coaster is the potential energy least?
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The potential energy in rollercoaster is a potential energy associated Earth's gravitational field. It's lowest at the lowest parts of rack.
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The work done on a machine is equal to the BLANK
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work it can do
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The law of conservation of energy
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed
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The law of conservation of energy
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What two ways can energy be transferred as
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work or heat
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For any system , the net change in energy equals the energy transferred as work and as heat. KNOW
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pg 456
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The system in which energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings is an BLANK system
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Open System
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Open System
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Energy and matter are exchanged with surroundings
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Closed system
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when energy but not matter is exchanged
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when energy but not matter is exchanged = BLANK system
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Closed system
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Isolated System
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System where neither energy or matter is exchanged
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System where neither energy or matter is exchanged
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Isolated system
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Beaker of water over burner = BLANK system
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Open
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Is earth a isolated system
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NOpe (pg 457)
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BLANK is the ration of useful work out to work in
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Efficiency
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Efficiency
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A quantity usually expressed as a percentage that measures the ratio of useful work output to work input
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A quantity usually expressed as a percentage that measures the ratio of useful work output to work input
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Efficiency
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Useful Work output/ Work input
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Efficiency
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Which lever multiplys distance and changes direction
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Third class lever
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Which lever multiplys force and changes direction?
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second class lever
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Which lever changes direction
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1st class lever
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ma>1 then u
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multiply force
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ma<1 then u
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Multiply distance
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object , scale reading , Output , input
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Object: Output
Input: Scale reading |
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How fast u do ur work directly affects your BLANK
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Power
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INPUT: Action or reaction
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Action
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Output: Action or reaction
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REaction
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Sword Fighting
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third class * distance
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All incline planes and wedges BLANK
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Multiply force
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The steeper the incline plane the BLANK the advantage
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Less
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Which is always greater work in out work out
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Work in is always greaer
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Which is always greater actual or ideal
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ideal is greater
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