Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is DNA and what does it stand for?
|
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
it controls how off spring look and function by controlling the proteins each cell will produce the rungs of the ladder contain bases of atgc |
|
|
What is the shape of DNA and what is it made of?
|
DNA is on the chromosomes of the nucleus and is a "twisted ladder" which includes the backbone,rungs and bases
|
|
|
what is Mitosis?
|
DNA in nucleus is copied
nucleus divides into 2 identical nuclei Body cells |
|
|
Asexual reproduction
|
the DNA in the new organism is copied from just 1 other organism
|
|
|
What is Budding?
|
Asexual reproduction
copied characteristics |
|
|
what is Regeneration?
|
when some organisms are able to replace body parts that have been lost because of an injury.
sea-stars |
|
|
What is cloning?
|
making copies of organisms
receive DNA from one parent cell |
|
|
what is Sexual Reproduction?
|
a new organism produced form the DNA of 2 cells
|
|
|
What are sex cells?
|
these cells are specialized cells that carry DNA and join in sexual reproduction
|
|
|
What is Meiosis?
|
sex cells are formed form this process
Dna is duplicated nucleus divides twice four sex cells form each cell with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell results in a new individual with a full set of chromosomes 46 |
|
|
what is fertilization?
|
when a human egg and sperm join which results in a new individual with a full set of chromosomes (46)
|
|
|
What is Heredity?
|
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
|
|
|
What is Genetics?
|
Genetics is the study of heredity
|
|
|
What are Genes?
|
a small section of DNA on a chromosome that has information about a trait
|
|
|
what are allele's?
|
each gene of a gene pair
|
|
|
What is Hybrid?
|
when a pair of chromosomes contain different alleles for a trait, that trait is this
|
|
|
What is Recessive?
|
masked alleles
ony seen when a trait is ressecive pure |
|
|
What are Variations?
|
the different ways a trait can appear
|
|
|
What are Mutations?
|
a change in a gene or chromosome
this happens becase of an error in meosis or mitosis they affect cell growth, repir and maintian themselves |
|
|
What is genetic information?
|
this controls what offspring look like and how they function
|
|
|
Give an Exmple of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles
|
hair color, eye color, blood type
|
|
|
When during reproduction are the traits passed
|
fertilization
|
|
|
What functions of the cells can be affected by a mutation
|
Cell growth, repair and mantains
|
|
|
What is the difference between pure and hybrid genes?
|
Pure- 2 same
Hybrid- different sizes |
|
|
What is dominance?
|
one trait masking another form of a trait
|
|
|
What is "pure" and what is another name for it?
|
identical alleles that are found in this gene
homozygeus |
|
|
Name the steps of meosis
|
Dna Duplicates twice
Nucleus divides twice four sex cells form fertilization new |
|
|
when might a mutation occur?
|
during mitosis or meosis when an error may occur
|
|
|
diploid/haploid
|
# of chromosomes
diploid- double haploid- half |
|
|
what is DNA resonsible for?
|
controls protein
|
|
|
Meosis vs. Mitosis
|
Meosis Mitosis
haploid diploid res. 4 dff cells res. 2 ind cells sex cells body cells 2 cell divis 1 cell divs. asexual sexual |
