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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom
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the most basic unit of matter
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Element
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atoms can't be broken down and retain their properties
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Electrons
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small, negatively charged particles
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Protons
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small, positively charged particles
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Nucleus
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where protons are concentrated in a small area near the center of the atom
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Neutron
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small, neutral particles
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Isotope
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Atoms of the same element with different #s of neutrons in the nuleus
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Compound
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a substance made of 2 or more elements, chemically combined
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Molecule
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A particle of matter made up od 2 or more atoms held together by sharing electrons
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Ion
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A charged particle formed when an atom or group of atoms gains or loses one or more electrons
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Homogeneous micture
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all parts contain the same amount of each component
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Heterogeneous mixture
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not all parts contain the same amount of each component
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How is knowledge of the atom applied in the fields od medicine, neclear energy and chemisty?
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. pure oxygen
. alloys and metal . electricity . experiments |
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Name some products that man has synthesized based on the knowledge of the atom.
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. metals
. ciramics . drugs . paints . fertilizer . fabrics . cosmetics |
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Which Greek philosopher first used the word atom?
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Democritus
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In the modern model of the atom, what 2 particles make up the nucleus of the atom?
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The neutrons and protons.
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What particle determines the identity of the element?
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Protons
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The space around the nucleus contains what type of particle? Therefore, it is called the what?
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1) electrons
2) electron cloud |
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In an atom the number of __________ is equal to the number of ___________.
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1) electrons
2) protons in the nucleus |
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What is the name of the microscope used to image the atom?
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STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscope)
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Matter can either be ______ or __________ charged.
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1) poitively
2) negitively |
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Like charges _______ and unlike charges _______.
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1) repel
2) attract |
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What are the positive and negative parts of an atom?
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Protons are positive and electrons are negative.
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The overall charge of an atom is ______ and an atom is ______.
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1) 0
2) neutral |
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What did Rutherford predict would happen to the beam of protons?
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He thought they would pass through the foil.
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What actually happened? What did these results show? Why did some of the particles bounce back? Why were some deflected?
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Some of the particles went through, but many of them were deflected. These results showed that the nucleus was dense and small and some protons were repelling from it because they were both positively charged. The particles that didn't hit the protons passed through the electron clouds because they attracted.
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When atoms come together, which particles interact?
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The electrons
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How can environmental scientists use signals from atoms?
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To find trace elements by detecting their energy levels.
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Why do different elements five off different colors?
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Because of the energy of electrons.
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