Science - Biology - Photosynthesis

Front 1

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Back 1

Water + Carbon Dioxide (light + chlorophyll) > Glucose + Oxygen

Front 2

What is light energy changed into and what is it stored in?

Back 2

Light energy is changed into chemical energy which is stored in the glucose that is made.

Front 3

What are the roots for?

Back 3

They absorb water from the soil, absorb nutrients and provide anchorage.

Front 4

Why are roots branched and spread out?

Back 4

To help them absorb water from a large volume of soil.

Front 5

What are the root hair cells for?

Back 5

They have a large surface area to help them absorb water quickly.

Front 6

What does water flow up through?

Back 6

The xylem cells which are made from hollow cells into the leaf.

Front 7

Why else is water needed?

Back 7

Mineral salts are dissolved in it, which are needed to keep the plants healthy.

Front 8

Why is water needed?

Back 8

It stops plants from wilting and can keep their leaves cool.

Front 9

What does carbon dioxide travel through?

Back 9

The stomata.

Front 10

Why are leaves thin?

Back 10

So that carbon dioxide does not have to go very far before reaching the cells that need it.

Front 11

How can photosynthesis be sped up?

Back 11

By increasing the amount of carbon dioxide around a plant, or by increasing the amount of light around a plant.

Front 12

Why are many leaves wide?

Back 12

So that they have a large surface area to trap as much sunlight as possible.

Front 13

Where does the most photosynthesis happen and why?

Back 13

In palisade cells, which are found near the upper surface of leaves. This is because palisade cells are packed with chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll which absorb light energy.

Front 14

What type of respiration do plants calls use to release the energy stored in glucose, and what's the word equation for it?

Back 14

Aerobic respiration. Glucose + Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

Front 15

Glucose is a type of sugar. What is it used for?

Back 15

Respiration, making other substances that aft as stores of energy (e.g : starch) and make new materials for growth.

Front 16

What is glucose turned into and what goes it do?

Back 16

It is turned into cellulose (for cell walls), fats and proteins. To make proteins, mineral salts called nitrates are needed.

Front 17

What are new substances that are made by a plant carried around in?

Back 17

Phloem tubes.

Front 18

What do new substances allow the plant to do?

Back 18

To help build up a plant's biomass (the mass of all the materials in the plant apart from water).

Front 19

What type of feeders are plants?

Back 19

Autotrophic, as they make their own food via photosynthesis.

Front 20

Only what part of the plant can photosynthesise and why?

Back 20

Green parts, as they contain a photosensitive pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs the sun's energy.

Front 21

What does the flower do?

Back 21

Pollinate.

Front 22

What does the stem do?

Back 22

Support and transport of materialm

Front 23

What do the leaves do?

Back 23

Provide food.

Front 24

What does a plant cell look like?

Back 24

Front 25

What features do both the plant and animal cell have?

Back 25

They both have a cell wall, cell membrane and nucleus.

Front 26

What does the nucleus do?

Back 26

It contains the genetic material which controls the activities of the cell. It also stores DNA of the plant and acts as a cell's command centre.

Front 27

What does the cytoplasm do?

Back 27

It contains most chemical processes that take place here, and it is controlled by enzymes.

Front 28

What does the cell membrane do?

Back 28

It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Front 29

What does the mitochondria do?

Back 29

Most energy is released by respiration here.

Front 30

What does the cell wall do?

Back 30

Strengthens the cell.

Front 31

What do the chloroplasts do?

Back 31

They contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Front 32

What does the vacuole do?

Back 32

Vacuoles are storage bubbles which store nutrients, food and wast products.

Front 33

What does a leaf cell look like?

Back 33

Front 34

What are the palisade cells?

Back 34

They are regular shaped cells that have a lot of chloroplast, therefore most photosynthesis occurs in this layer.

Front 35

What are the xylem cells and phloem cells?

Back 35

Veins include xylem cells that allow water to be transported around the plant. Phloem cells transport sugar.

Front 36

What are the spongy cells?

Back 36

They are irregular shaped and have fewer chloroplasts. They have air spaces between them so that gases can move out.

Front 37

What are the stomata?

Back 37

They are tiny holes that open and close to allow Co2 in and O2 out of the leaf.

Front 38

What are the adaptations of a leaf?

Back 38

They have a large surface area to absorb light, they are thin so gases don't have far to diffuse, they have a network of veins to transport water (xylem) and sugar (phloem), they have stomata which allows gases to diffuse in and out, and they contain chlorophyll.

Front 39

What are the stomata controlled by?

Back 39

The gaurd cells, which help them open and close.

Front 40

What are the three essential minerals plants need to stay healthy, and what are they for?

Back 40

Nitrates - For protein manufacture. Pophates - For photosynthesis and respiration. Potassium - For photosynthesis and respiration.

Front 41

What is the glucose like in plants?

Back 41

Some glucose is used straight away in respiration, however, some is converted into starch and other substances for storage. Some glucose is used to make new chemicals such as proteins, sugars and fats that the plant also need to function properly.

Front 42

What are a few differences between photosynthesis and respiration?

Back 42

Photosynthesis happens during day, respiration at night. Food (glucose) is produced during photosynthesis. Also, respiration does not require light or chlorophyll.