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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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group names? |
1: alkali metals 2: alkaline earths 3-12: transition metals 14: carbon family 15: nitrogen family 16: oxygen family 17: halogens 18: noble gases |
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different types of bonding |
metallic: both metals. 'electron sea' opposite charges attract ionic: metal & non metals. 'charged atoms' covalent: both non-metals. 'shared electrons' |
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which group doesn't bond? |
Noble gases (group 18) are the only group that don't bond because all of the noble gases have full outer shells with 8 electrons, except for Helium which has an outer shell that is full with 2 electrons. |
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what are excited electrons? ... |
Electrons above the "ground state" are said to be excited. The released energy in an atom in an excited state can be in the form of visible light. The colour combination that each element gives off is known as the emission spectrum of that element. |
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Properties of metals |
- malleable (bends) and ductile - high melting and boiling points - good conductors of heat/electricity - solids at room temp (except Hg) - sinks - shiny when polished - when they form ions, ions are positive - high density - strong |
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what does the arrangement of electrons in an atom determine? |
how it behaves chemically and bonds with other atoms |
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difference between atomic mass and mass number |
atomic mass = weighted average of element's isotopes mass number = a count of the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
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covalent bonding |
a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between two non-metal atoms |
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ionic bonding |
a chemical bond occurring between non-metal and metal atoms that involve electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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metallic bonding |
a chemical bond formed between metal atoms in which a 'sea' of free electrons are shared among a lattice of cations. |
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excited electrons. energy |
electrons above the "ground state". the energy released can be in the form of visible light. this colour combination is known as the emission spectrum of that element. |
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pure substance |
A pure substance or chemical substance is a material that has a constant composition (is homogeneous) and has consistent properties throughout the sample. |
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hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, argon, chlorine, fluorine, helium, hydrogen, krypton, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, radon, xenon |
hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, argon, chlorine, fluorine, helium, hydrogen, krypton, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, radon, xenon |
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malleable vs ductile |
ductile - can be stretched without snapping & rolled into wires malleable - able to bend without snapping & rolled into sheets |
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allytropes of carbon |
amorphous carbon (charcoal) diamond graphite buckyballs |
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name of process used to separate noble gases from air? |
distillation |
