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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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astronomy
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the study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space.
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axis
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the imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles.
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rotation
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the spinning of Earth on its axis
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revolution
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the movement of one object around another.
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orbit
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path
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calender
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a system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year.
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solstice
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the two days of the year when the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator.
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equinox
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the two days of the year when neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
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force
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a push or pull exerted on an object
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gravity
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the force that pulls objects toward each other.
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Universal Law of Gravitation
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the scientific law that states every object in the universe attracts every other object.
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mass
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a measure of how much matter is in an object.
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weight
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a measure of the force of gravity on an object.
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inertia
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the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion.
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Newton's first law of motion
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the scientific law that states that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force.
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phase
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one of the different apparent shapes of the moon as seen from Earth.
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eclipse
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the partial or total blocking of one object in space by another.
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solar eclipse
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the blocking of sunlight to Earth that occurs when the moon is directly between the sun and Earth.
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umbra
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the darkest part of a shadow.
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penumbra
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the larger, less dark part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part.
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lunar eclipse
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the blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and the moon.
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tide
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the periodic rise and fall of the level of water in the ocean.
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spring tide
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the tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides.
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neap tide
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the tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides.
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telescope
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a device built to observe distant objects by making them appear closer.
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maria
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dark, flat areas on the moon's surface formed from huge ancient lava flows.
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crater
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a large round pit caused by the impact of a meteoroid.
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meteoroid
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a chunk of rock or dust in space.
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