Science 8Th Grade Test1

Front 1

precipitation

Back 1

When cloud particles become too heavy to remain suspended in the air, they fall to the earth as precipitation.

Front 2

saturation

Back 2

"thoroughly full"

Front 3

density

Back 3

is a measure of how tightly the matter within a body is packed together. It is a ratio of mass/volume.

Front 4

cohesion

Back 4

the intermolecular attraction between like-molecules.

Front 5

water structure

Back 5

2 hydrogen 1 oxygen molecule (H2O)

Front 6

phase change diagram

Back 6

Front 7

Coriolis Effect

Back 7

The Earth's rotation imparts an acceleration known as the Coriolis effect. This acceleration causes cyclonic systems to turn towards the poles in the absence of strong steering currents.

Front 8

longitude

Back 8

east-west geographic coordinate

Front 9

latitude

Back 9

north-south geographic coordinate

Front 10

Temperature

Back 10

The temperature is measure related to the average kinetic energy of a mass's atoms as they move

Front 11

condensation nuclei

Back 11

Condensation nuclei are small particles or aerosol upon which water vapor attaches to break surface tension

Front 12

heat

Back 12

the amount of energy an atom has. Heat is energy transferred from one body or system to another due to a difference in temperature.

Front 13

latent heat

Back 13

latent heat is the amount of energy in the form of heat released or absorbed by a substance during a change of phase

Front 14

runoff

Back 14

a term used to describe the flow of water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, over the land

Front 15

specific heat

Back 15

is the measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval.

Front 16

hurricane

Back 16

Tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and flooding rain. Hurricanes are systems with sustained winds of 74 miles per hour.

Front 17

kinetic energy

Back 17

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Front 18

dew point

Back 18

The dew point is the temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled, at constant barometric pressure, for water vapor to condense into water.

Front 19

eye

Back 19

The eye is the center of a hurricane. It is the calmest part of a hurricane.

Front 20

convection

Back 20

Convection refers to the movement of molecules within fluids. I.e. heating causing fluid motion.

Front 21

adiabatic cooling

Back 21

Adiabatic cooling happens as air mass expands with increasing elevation (because density of gases decreases farther into the atmosphere). As elevation increases, the air gets cooler because energy is drawn from the surroundings.

Front 22

storm surge

Back 22

Storm surge is simply water that is pushed toward the shore by the force of the winds swirling around the storm

Front 23

conduction

Back 23

Heat conduction or thermal conduction is the spontaneous transfer of thermal energy through matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature, and acts to equalize temperature differences

Front 24

tropical storm

Back 24

the the stage before a hurricane, maximum sustained winds are 39-73 mph

Front 25

evaporation

Back 25

Evaporation is the process by which water is converted from its liquid form to a gas

Front 26

surface tension

Back 26

Surface tension is a property of the surface of a liquid that causes it to behave as an elastic sheet

Front 27

Tropical depression

Back 27

Once a group of thunderstorms has come together under the right atmospheric conditions for a long enough time, they may organize into a tropical depression.

A tropical depression is an organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined, closed surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of less than 39 miles per hour (63 km/h)