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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Observation
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- act of examining, noting and recording facts for scientific study
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Methods of Observation
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1) From memory(indirect)
2) From direct, continuous observation (better way) |
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Types of Observations
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1) Qualitative - describes
ex. hard, purple, cheap 2) Quantitative- measures ex. 5cm, 2 legs |
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Inferences
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- explanations based on observations made
ex. Windshield is wet, can say it rained |
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Variable
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- part of experiment that could change/vary
- 3 types |
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Independent Variable
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- variable that is changed on purpose / being tested
- can only be 1 ex. Miracle Gro |
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Dependent Variable
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- something that changes as a result of independent variable
- outcome ex. # of tomatoes |
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Controlled Variable
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- variables that could affect the experiment but are deliberately kept the same
ex. amount of water, sunlight, temperature, soil, space, etc. |
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Hypothesis Format while stating Variables
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If...(independent var.), then...(dependent var.)
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Another name for independent variable...
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manipulated variable
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Another name for dependent variable...
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responding variable
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Control
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- something that stays constant
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Collecting
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- make direct, continuous, quantitative observations
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Organizing
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- make a data table
1. use white unlined paper 2. use ruler & pencil 3. 1 inch border around table 4. include title, headings, and units of measure |
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Analyzing
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- make a graph (line,bar,/pie)
1. use graph paper 2. use pencil & ruler 3. include title, axis headings, and units of measure |
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Scientific Method
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- process used to find ans to que / solve problems
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Step 2
Form a Hypothesis |
- Written in...,then...format
- must be testable ex. If the # of football practices increases, then the players averages will improve |
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Step 4
Perform the Experiment |
- Follow the procedures
- Record data & observations |
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Step 5
Analyze the Data |
- Is the data reliable?
- Does the data support hypothesis? |
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Step 6
Draw a Conclusion & Communicate Results |
- In conclusion, state whether hypothesis was proven/disproven
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Steps of Scientific Method
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1) Identify Problem/Research
2) Form a Hypothesis 3) Design an Experiment 4) Perform the Experiment 5) Analyze the Data 6) Draw a Conclusion & Communicate Results |
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Ecology
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the study of living things in relation to environment
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Genetics
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the study of heredity
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Physics
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the study of earth, matter, energy, & motion
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Geology
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the study of the earth
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