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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three enzymes |
Carbohydrase, lipase and protease |
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What is classed as a chemical not an enzyme |
Bile |
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Give an example of carbohydrase |
Amylase |
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Where is carbohydrase (eg amylase) produced? |
Amylase is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas |
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Where is lipase produced? |
these enzymes are made in the pancreas but found in the small intestine |
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Where is protease produced eg trypsin/pepsin? |
These enzymes are produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine |
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Where is bile produced? |
The chemical is produced in the liver but stored in the gall bladder |
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What does carbohydrase do ? |
Provide us with fuel. They speed up the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugar |
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What does lipase do ? |
Speed up the breakdown of lipids into fatty acids |
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What does protease do ? |
Speed up the breakdown of proteins into amino acids ? |
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What does bile do ? |
Stomach acid that gives a high ph for the enzymes meaning they help the small intestine to work well |
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What substrate does carbohydrase act on? |
Starch |
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What substrate does lipase act on ? |
Fats/lipids |
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What substrate does protease act up on ? |
Proteins |
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What substrate does bile act upon ? |
Fats/lipids |
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What is the function of the trachea ? |
Tube which air enters in and supplies the lungs with air |
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What is the function of the rings of cartilage? |
They protect the trachea and stop it from bursting |
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What is the function of the cilia ? |
Get mucus and harmless things out of the body |
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What is the function of the bronchioles? |
Structure in the lungs |
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What is the function of the alveoli? |
Tiny air sacks in the lungs that increase the surface area, this is where has exchange takes place |
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What is the function of a blood capillary ? |
Small blood vessels that run between individual cells. They surround the alveoli |
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Vena cava |
Deoxygenated blood will first enter the heart through the vena cava. The deoxygenated blood passes from the vena cava into the top chamber on the right side of the heart |
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Right atrium |
The top chamber on the right side of the heart. The right atrium will contract and force the deoxygenated blood passed the valve between the chambers on the right hand side. |
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Tricuspid valve |
The valve between the chambers on the right hand side of the heart. Once the deoxygenated blood passes this it enters the lower. Chamber on the right hand side of the heart. |
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Right ventricle |
The lower chamber on the right hand side of the heart. When the right ventricle contacts it will force the deoxygenated blood upwards towards the blood vessel leaving the heart |
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Semi lunar valve of the right hand side |
Passed by deoxygenated blood before leaving the heart . Once deoxygenated blood has passed the semi lunar valve it has entered the pulmonary artery and leaves the heart to go a short distance to the lungs |
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Pulmonary artery |
Pumps blood to the lungs so it can become oxygenated |
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Aorta |
Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body |
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Pulmonary vien |
At the lungs blood becomes oxygenated and blood will return to the heart through the pulmonary vien.this blood vessel into the top left chamber of the heart |
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Left atrium |
The top left chamber of the heart. The left atrium will contract and force the oxygenated passed the valve into the bottom left chamber |
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Bicuspid valve |
Valve between the chambers on the left hand side. Once the oxygenated blood passes this it enters the lower chamber on the left side of the heart |
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Left ventricle |
The lower chamber on the left hand side of the heart. When the left ventricle contacts it will force oxygenated blood upwards towards the blood vessel leaving the heart |
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Semi lunar valve on the left hand side |
The valve that oxygenated blood passes before entering the aorta and leaving the heart to go to the rest of the body |
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What blood is on the right hand side of the heart |
Deoxygenated |
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What blood is on the left hand side of the heart |
Oxygenated |
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On the heart, why is the right hand wall thinner than the left hand wall? |
The left ventricle has a thicker muscle wall than the right ventricle because the left side has to pump blood to the rest of the body however the right side is only having a short trip to the lungs |
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Where is the deoxygenated blood going |
To the lungs so it can become oxygenated |
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Where is oxygenated blood going |
The rest of the body |
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Where do arteries carry blood |
Carry blood away from your heart to the organs and the rest of the body |
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Where do the vines carry blood |
Away from the organs to the heart |
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What are capillaries |
A huge network of tiny vessels linking the arteries and viens |
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What colour is the blood in the arteries |
Red and oxygenated |
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What colour is the blood in viens |
Blue and deoxygenated |
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What do capillaries contain |
Oxygen and glucose |
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Do arteries have a pulse |
Yes |
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Do viens have a pulse |
No |
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Do capillaries have a pulse |
No |
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What are the walls like on arteries and viens |
Arteries have thick walls and viens have thin walls |
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What are the lumens like on arteries viens and capillaries |
Arteries have a small lumen , viens have a large lumen and capillaries have a tiny vessel with a small lumen |
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Which blood vessel has high pressure |
Arteries |
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Which blood vessels have low pressure |
Viens |
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What is the chain of blood vessels |
Arteries-capillaries - viens |
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What are the three types of blood vessels |
Arteries to capillaries and viens |
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How is blood prevented from flowing backward toward the heart |
Valves exist in the atrium and ventricles to prevent backflow into the aorta |
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Why is the heart referred to as a double pump |
It has two pumps : the first carries oxygen to your lungs the second delivers oxygen to every part of your body |
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What is a stent |
A metal box put inside a blocked vessel to prevent blockage |
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What is a statin |
A drug that stops cholesterol |
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What happens if you have too much cholesterol ? |
Fatty deposits build up |
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Valve replacement |
A biological or artificial valve a |
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What does an artificial heart do |
Gives recovery time for the heart |
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What is bypass surgery |
Put a tube in the chinory arteries because the heart muscle doesn't pump so no oxygen will be delivered and this helps the heart pump |
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What are the two types of cancer |
Benign ( don't spread) Malignant (cancerous and spreads) |
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How to prevent lung cancer |
Don't smoke , maintain a healthy first and exercise regularly |
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Preventing skin cancer |
Wear sun cream and don't use sunbeds |
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Preventing cervical cancer |
Safe sex, do not smoke |
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Preventing breast cancer |
Regular exercise , healthy diet and check for any lumps regularly |
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Prevention of testicular cancer |
Safe sex, don't smoke, get checked regularly |
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Prevention of brain tumours |
Don't drink or smoke, healthy diet and exercise |
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Why is backflow a bad thing |
It prevents oxygen and carbon dioxide from getting to the vital organs and muscles |
