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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the smallest particle of an element
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Atom
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What are the three parts of an atom?
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electrons, protons, and neutron.
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Which part of an atom has negative charge?
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electron - a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom.
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Which part of an atom has positive charge?
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proton - a small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom.
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Which part of an atom has no charge, or neutral?
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neutron - A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge.
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a substance that cannot be broken down into other substnaces by chemical or physical means.
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element
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a very well mixed mixture. the best mixed
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solution
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a measure of how much matter is in an object
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mass
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a measure of the force of gravity on an object
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weight
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the amount of space that matter occupies
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volume
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the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume
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density
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the force pushing on a surface divided by the area of that surface.
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pressure
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a change in a substance that does not change its identity, for example, a change of state
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physical change
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a change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances
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chemical change
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number
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the change of state from a liquid to a gas.
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vaporization
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the process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surface.
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boiling
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the process that occurs when vaporization takes place only on the surface of a liquid.
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evaporization
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the change of state from a gas to a liquid.
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condensation
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the change in state from a solid to a liquid.
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melting
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the change in state from a liquid to a solid.
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freezing
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the layer of gases that surround the earth
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atmosphere
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What are the four layers of the atmosphere?
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the stratosphere, the thermosphere, the mesosphere, and the troposphere.
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What does the thermosphere further divide into?
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The thermosphere further divides into the ionosphere nad the exosphere.
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a form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two.
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ozone
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As the altitude increases, tmeperature _________.
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decreases
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the average amount of energy of motion in the molecules of a substance.
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temperature
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a force that is the result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area.
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air pressure
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have a definite volume and a definite shape
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solids
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have a definite volume but no definite shape
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liquids
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an instrument to measure temperature, consisting of a thin, glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid, usually mercury or alcohol.
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thermometer
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an instrument used to measure changes in air pressure.
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barometer
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How many kinds of barometers are there, and what are they called?
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There are two barometers, and they are called mercury barometers and aneroid barometers.
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an instrument used to measure wind speed.
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anemometer
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Clouds of all kind form when ........
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water vapor in the air becomes liquid water or crystals.
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the temperature at which condensation begins.
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dew point
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Clouds that form less than 2 kilometers above the ground and look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton.
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cumulus clouds
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Wispy, feathery clouds made mostly of ice crystals that form at high levels, above about 6 kilometers.
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cirrus clouds
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Clouds that form in flat layers.
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stratus clouds.
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Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface
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precipitation
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What are the four types of precipitation?
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Rain, Sleet, Hail, Snow
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What are the four major types of air masses that influence the weather in North America?
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maritime tropical, continental tropical, maritime polar, and continental polar!
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Warm, humid air masses form over oceans near the tropics. Those that form over the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean move first itno the southeastern United States.
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Maritime tropical
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Cool humid air masses, often bring fog rain and cool temperatures to the west coast.
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Maritime polar
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Hot, dry air masses that form in summer over dry areas, and occasionally move northeast bringing hot, dry weather ot the southern Great Plains.
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Continental tropical
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Large continental polar air masses that bring cool or cold air towards the Artic Circle and can bring bitterly cold weather with very low humidity.
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Continental polar.
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The area where the air masses meet and do not mix.
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a front
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What are the four types of fronts?
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Cold fronts, warm fronts, stationary fronts, and occluded fronts.
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