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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is DNA kept? |
In compact units called chromosomes. |
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How many chromsomes do human cells have? |
46. 23 from each parent. |
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Do Females have Y chromsomes like men do? |
No, instead they have 2 X chromosomes. |
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What are chromsomes? |
Chromosomes are thread-like structures found in the cells of our bodies
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Do all living things have the same number of chromosomes? |
No |
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Difference between characteristic and a trait |
Characteristics is a feature that comes in many different forms eg eye colour. Traits are the different forms eg blue or green etc |
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Explain the DNA mindmap |
Whole person is built of cells which hold nucleus. The nucleus holds chromosomes are made of DNA and carry genetic information |
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Mitosis & Meiosis difference |
Mitosis makes 2 identical cells and Meiosis makes sex cells |
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3 reasons for why we need cells |
Replace, Reproduce and grow |
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A Nucleotide is made up of |
phosphate, sugars and bases |
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dominant gene |
written with a capital letter, when this allelle is present, it shows up and dominates over the recessive gene (Aa & AA) |
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recessive gene |
written with a small letter, this allelle only shows up when its on its own (eg aa & aa) |
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Pure breeding |
when you breed 2 alleles that are the same eg AA & AA or aa & aa |
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hybrid |
when you breed 2 allelles that are different eg Aa and AA or |
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phenotype |
what it looks like |
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genotype |
what the genes are eg bb or BB etc |
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homozygous |
(pure breeding) when 2 alleles are the same |
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heterozygous |
(hybrid) when 2 alleles are different |
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allele |
varient form of gene |
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name the 4 bases and which base matches with what |
A T G C and AT GC |
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what are mutations and what are their possible consequences to an organism |
the changing of the structure of a gene. It could cause the cell to stop working. |
