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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Factors that make blood pressure either increase or decrease |
Increase- stress, alcohol, smoking or being overweight Decrease- regular exercise and having a well balanced diet |
Exam tip : the height must be in metres and the mass in kilograms.
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What happens if blood pressure is to high? |
Blood vessels burst. Can cause damage to brain(stroke) Also can cause damage to kidneys. |
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What happens if blood pressure is low? |
Dizziness, fainting |
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How to calculate estimated average daily requirement (EAR) |
EAR in g= 0.6 x body mass in kg |
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How to calculate someone's BMI |
BMI = mass in kg ----------------- (Height in m) 2 |
Exam tip: the height must be in metres and the mass in kilograms. |
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Heart diseases can be increased by.... |
High level of saturated fat High levels of salt |
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What is malaria caused by? |
A protozoan called plasmodium which feeds on human red blood cells |
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How does the body protect itself from pathogens ? |
Produces antibodies which lock onto antigens on the surface of pathogens such as bacterium |
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What happens to light rays in the eye? |
Gets refracted by the cornea and lens |
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Name the different types of drugs: |
- depressants (alcohol, solvents) - painkillers (aspirin, paracetamol) - stimulants (nicotine, caffeine) - performance enhancers(anabolic steroids) - hallucinogens (LSD) |
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What is vasoconstriction? |
The constriction of small blood vessels in the skin. This causes less blood flow and less heat transfer |
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Hadjedgc |
Bdbc |
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What is vasodilation? |
The dilation of small blood vessels in the skin. More blood flow & heat transfer |
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What hormone controls blood sugar levels? |
Insulin |
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What causes type 1 diabetes? |
The pancreas not producing any insulin. |
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What causes type 2 diabetes? |
Either the body producing too little insulin or the body not reacting to it |
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What does insulin do? |
Converts excess glucose in the blood into glycogen which is stored in the liver. It regulates the sugar level. |
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Name plant hormones |
Auxins |
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What is meant by phototropic |
Shoots that grow towards the light |
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What is genetic variation caused by? |
Mutations and fertilisation |
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Why can high level of fat & salt lead to heart disease ? |
Saturated fat- leads to a build up of cholesterol in arteries Salt- can increase blood pressure |
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How do narrowed coronary arteries together with thrombosis increase the risk of a heart attack? |
- the narrowing of the arteries caused by plaques in the coronary arteries can reduce blood flow to heart muscle. The plaques also make blood clots which will also block the artery |
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What are first class proteins ? |
Proteins from meat and fish. Contain all the essential amino acids that cannot be made by the human body |
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What are second class proteins ? |
Plant proteins as they do not contain all the essential amino acids |
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What is the action of depressant drugs on synapses ? |
They block the transmission of nerve impulses across synapses by binding with receptor molecules in the membrane |
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Higher amount of auxins mean.. |
It will increase the length of the shoots cells, therefore causes the shady side of the shoot to have a curvature |
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How to determine what sex the baby is |
A sperm carries either an X or Y and egg carries X It is an equal chance |
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What are inherited disorder caused by? |
Faulty alleles, most of which are recessive |
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