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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell |
The basic unit of structural and functional unit of all living organisms |
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Cell theory |
One of the fundamentals ideas of modern biology |
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Plasma membrane |
Is a special boundary that helps controls what enters and leaves the cell |
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Organelles |
Specailized structures that carry out specific cell functions |
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Eukaryotic cells |
It contains a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes |
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Nucleus |
Is a distinct central organelle that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
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Prokaryotic cells |
Are defined as cells without a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles |
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Selective permeability |
Which a membrane allows some substance to pass through while keeping others out |
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Phospholipid bilayer |
Which two layers of phospholipids are arranged tail to tail |
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Transport proteins |
It helps move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane |
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Cytoplasm |
The environment inside the plasma membrane |
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Cytoskeleton |
Is a supporting network of long thin protein fibers that form a framework for the cell |
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Ribosomes |
It produces proteins |
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Nucleolus |
It produces ribosomes |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
It is a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis |
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Golgi apparatus |
Is a flattened stack of membranes that modifies sorts and packages proteins into sacs called vesicles |
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Vacuole |
Used to store food enzymes and other materails needed by a cell |
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Lysosomes |
Are vesicles that contain substances that digest excess or worn out organelles and food particles |
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Centrioles |
Is organelles made of microtubules that functions during cell divison |
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Mitochondria |
Which convert fuel particles into usable energy |
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Chloroplasts |
Which organelles that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy through a process called photosynthesis |
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Cell wall |
Is a thick rigid mesh of fibers that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane and protects the cell |
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Cilia |
Are short numerous projections that look like hairs |
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Flagella |
Are longer and less numerous then cilia |
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Diffusion |
Is the net movement of particles from an area where there are many particles of the substances to an area where there are fewer particals of the substance |
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Osmosis |
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
