Science

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community

Back 1

interactive populations

eg mosquitoes, dragonflies ....

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population

Back 2

entire group of individuals of the same species

that live together

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individual

Back 3

eg. a mosquito is an individual of its species

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niche

Back 4

the role undertaken by an organism in an ecosystem; one organism can fill several different niches

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species

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a group of organisms that can successfully mate with each other and reproduce

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commensalism

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symbiotic relationship where one partner benefits and the other partner does no lose or gain from the relationship

eg barnacles and whales

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host

Back 7

the organism that a parasite lives and feeds on

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mutualism

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a symbiotic relationship between 2 different types of organisms in which both benefit

eg crocodile and bird

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parasites

Back 9

organisms that live on or in another organism (the Host) and feed on it

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parasitism

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a symbiotic relationship between 2 different types of organisms in which one partner benefits and the other is harmed

eg. tape worm

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symbiosis

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a biological relationship in which 2 species live closely together in a relationship that lasts over time

eg barnacles and whales

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symbiotic

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3 main types of symbiotic relationships

1) Parasitism

2) Mutualism

3)Commensalism

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Carnivores

Back 13

a meat eater (lions)

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consumers

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organism that eats or consumes other organisms

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decomposers

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organisms that break down dead and waste materials into their base parts (worm, fungi)

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fermentation

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breaking down sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide gas.

(grapes to wine, cabbage/salt to kapusta)

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herbivores

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plant/vegetation eater (caterpillar)

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omnivores

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eats both meat and vegetation

(bear)

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producers

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produce own food instead of consuming (grass, tree)

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scavengers

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eat decaying or waste materials (vulture, dung beetles)

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energy pyramid

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gradual loss of energy in a food chain

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food chain

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the transfer of energy from one organism to the next; goes in a straight line

all begin with a producer

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food web

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the interconnection of several different food chains producing a more complex model of a food chain

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photosynthesis

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a way for plants to make their own food;

sunlight (energy) + water +carbon dioxide = food (sugars) + oxygen

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nutrients

nutrient cycles

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nutrients are a source of energy for living things

the process that moves nutrients back and forth between biotic and abiotic environments are called nutrient cycles

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heterogeneous

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substances clearly visible because the particles don't mix evenly

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homogeneous

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a material having only one set of with properties

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pure substance

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contains 1 kind of particle and is the same throughout

eg. gold

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mixture

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physical combination of 2 or more pure substances

soft drink = sugar+water+carbon dioxide + other chemicals (don't drink soft drinks Patrick!)

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solute

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a substance that can be dissolved in a solvent

(it is the thing you put in to something)

eg. salt is a solute that dissolves in water

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solvent

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a substance into which a solute may be dissolved

(it is the thing you put things into)

eg. water is a solvent that dissolves sugar

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solution

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a mixture in which the distinct properties of the different substances are combined into one set of properties

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dissolves

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the act of a solute completely combining with a solvent to become a solution

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insoluble

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when a solute is not able to dissolve in a particular solvent

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soluble

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the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent

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concentrated solution

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a solution that contains a lot of solute

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dilute

dilute solution

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to weaken the strength of a solution by increasing the amount of the solvent

a solution that contains little solute

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saturated solution

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a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a certain temperature

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solubility

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the maximum amount of a particular solute that can dissolve in a particular solvent at a given temperature

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unsaturated solution

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when a solution can have solute added and dissolved, the solution is unsaturated

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matter

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anything that takes up space, has mass and is made up of particles

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supersaturated solution

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a solution in which heat has been used to dissolve more solute than solution could normally dissolve

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filtrate

filtration

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the part of the mixture that passes through a filter

the act of filtering; the mechanical separation of a liquid from the undissolved particles floating in it

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mechanical mixture

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a mixture where each materials maintain its own properties

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distillation the process for separating the

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the process of separating the parts of a liquid solution. The solvent is heated and the gas is collected and cooled

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evaporation

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a change in matter form a liquid to a gas