Science

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Invertabrate

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an animal without a back bone

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Vertabrate

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an animal with a back bone

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exoskeleton

Back 3

an inside protective skeleton

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exoskeleton

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rigid, protective body covering of an arthropod that supports the body and reduces water loss.

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ectotherm

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cold blooded animal whose body temperature changes with the temperature of its surroundung enviornment.

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endotherm

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warm-blooded animal whose body does not change with its surrounding enviornment.

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estivate

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A period on inactivity during hot, dry weather in amphibians, invovles moving to cooler, more humid areas underground.

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hibernation

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period of inactivity during cold weather;in amphibians involves burying themselves in mud or leaves.

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matter

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anything that has mass and takes up space.

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mitochondria

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cell organelles where cellular resiration takes place.

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Rhizoids

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threadlike structure that anchor nonvascular plants to the ground.

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vascular

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plant with tubelik structures that move minerals, water, and other substances throughout the plant.

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igneous rock

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instrusive or extrusive rock that is produced when melted when melted rock from inside earth cools and hardens.

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sedimentary rock

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a type of rock made from pieces of other rocks, dissolved minerals, or plant and animal matter that collect to form layers.

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metemorphic rock

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new rock that forms when existing rock is heated and/or squeezed.

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mineral

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inorganic, solid material found in nature that always has the same chemical makeup, atoms arranged in any orderly pattern and properties such as cleavage and fracture, color, hardness,streak, and luster.

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chloroplast

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green organnelle in a plants leaf cells where most photosenthesis takes place.

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organelle

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specialized cell parts that preform a cell's activities.

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cellwall

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structure of plants, algae, fungi, and many types of bacteria that supports and protects the cell membrane.

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vacuole

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baloon like cell organelle in the cytoplasm that can store food, water, and other sustances.

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nucleous

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cell organelle that contains the hereditary material.

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nonvascular

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plant that absorbs water and other substances directly through its cell walls instead of through tubelike structures.

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cambium

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vascular tissue that produces xylem and pholeom cells as a plant grows.

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cellulose

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chemical compound made out of sugar; forms tangled fibers in the cell walls of many plants and provides structure and support.

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cuticle

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waxy, protective layer that covers the stems, leaf, and flower of many plants and helps prevent water loss.

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aerobe

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organism that uses oxygen for respiration.

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anerobes

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organism that can live without oxygen.

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pathogen

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any organism that can cause disease.

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Endospore

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a dormant form of a bacterium sourounded by a thick wall; formed when enviornmental conditions are unfavorable.

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saprophyte

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any organism that uses dead material as a food source.

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wavelenth for a compressional wave

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the distance from the centers of rarefractions or compressions

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melting point

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temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.

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freezing point

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temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid

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dichotomus key

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using physical properties to identify something such as crabs.

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amplitude

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for a transverse wave 1/2 the distance between a crest and a trough.

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wavelength for a transverse wave

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wave the distance between the tops of the two crest or the bottoms of the two troughs

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rarefraction

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when molicules spread apart

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compression

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when molicules are closer together

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reflection

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occurs when a wave strikes an object and bounces off

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refraction

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bending of a wave as it moves from one medium into another medium.

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gestation period

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the time the mother cares for the younge in the placentalq

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cilia

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a short threadlike structure that extends from the cell membrain.

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flagella

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whiplike tails that help them move