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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is chemistry?
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Chemistry is the science where we study substances to find out: what things are made of, and how substances act under different conditions. Also, how do substances combine with others.
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Matter (3 states):
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Matter is anything that has a mass and takes up space, the 3 physical states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
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Changes of state:
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two types of changes; physical change [is a change of the appearance of the object] and chemical change [a new substance is formed, because we have altered or combined the chemical makeup of the substance. This change can not be reversed.]
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Physical changes that require the addition or removal of heat:
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-melting: solid-liquid: add heat
-freezing: liquid-solid: remove heat -condensation: gas-liquid: remove heat -evaporation: liquid-gas: add heat -sublimation: gas-solid: remove heat OR solid-gas: add heat |
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Four clues:
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1) heat or ligh is given off, 2) bubbles of gas are produced, 3) change in the color (obvious), 4) a precipate forms in liquid.
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Mixtures:
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2 or more elements combined together to form a new substance.
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Mechanical Mixtures:
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is a mixture where two or more substances are combined, and two parts are visible. Ex: salad dressing, chocolate cookies etc.
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Solutions:
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are mixtures where two or more substances are combined but the product looks like one. Ex: ketchup, kool-aid, etc.
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Colloids:
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a mixture where two or more substances are combined in each other (doesn't completely mix) Ex: corn starch and water.
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Pure substances:
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purest forms or the element
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Elements:
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natural state, there is only one. Ex: anything found of the periodic table)
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Compounds:
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is when two or more different elements combine to form a new substance. Ex: Na+Cl=NaCl
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Molecules:
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an element combining with itself. Ex: o + o= 02
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Metalloids:
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-along the metalic staircase
-generally have properties of metals and non-metals -boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, polonium |
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Periods:
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are the horizontal rows (7), all the elements in the rows have the same number of energy levels.
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