Science

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ecology

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The science of the relationships between organisms and their environments. Also called bionomics.
The relationship between organisms and their environment.

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boitic factors

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any living part of an environment

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abiotic factors

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nonliving physicl or chemical condition

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community

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all the organism living in an area

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ecosystem

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community of living things plus the nonliving features of the environment that support them

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boisphere

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all the part the planet that are inhabited by living things

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habitats

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an organism's specific environment, with characteristic abiotic and biotic factors

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tropics

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the warmest temperature zone

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polar zones

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the regions north of the arctic ciecle

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temperate zones

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latitude between the tropics and polar regions in each hemisphere

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current

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a river-like flow patter within a body of water

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microclimate

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climate in a specific area that varies from the surrounding climax region

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biomes

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majar tye of terrestrial ecosystem that covers a large region of earth

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tropical rain forest

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tyed of forest near the equator that receives as much as 250 cm of rainfall yearly

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savannas

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are grasslands with scattered trees

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desert

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land area that receives less than 30 cantimeter of rain per year

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chaparral

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a temperate coastal bosme dominated by dense evergreen shrubs

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temperate grassland

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biome characterized by deep, nutrient-rich soil that supports many grass species

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temperate deciduous forest

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forest in a temperate region, characterized by trees that drop their leaves annually

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coniferous forest

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forest populated by cone-bearing evergreen trees; mostly found in northern latitudes

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tundra

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biome in the Arctic Circle or on high mountaintops, characterized by bitterly cold temperatures and high winds

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permafrost

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permanently frozen subsoil

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photic zone

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regions of a body of water where light penetrates, enabling photosynthesis

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phytoplankton

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microscopic algae and cyanobacteria that carry out photosynthesis

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APHOTIC ZONES

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deep areas of a body of water where light levels are too low to support photosynthesis

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benthic zone

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bottom of an aquatic ecosystem; consists of sand and sediment and supports its own community of organisms

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ESTUARIES

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area where fresh water from streams and rivers merges with salty ocean water; productive ecosystem

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PELAGIC ZONE

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open water above the ocean floor

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INTERTIDAL ZONES

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area of shore between the high-tide and low-tide lines

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NERITIC ZONES

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area of ocean that extends from the low-tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf

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oceanic zone

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vast open ocean from the edge of the continental shelf outward

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ZOOPLANKTON

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microscopic animals that swim or drift near the surface of aquatic environments

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HYDROTHERNAL VENTS

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opening in the ocean floor where hot gases and minerals escape from Earth's interior