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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fertilization
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the process by which haploid gametes join to form a diploid zygote
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meiosis
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process during cell division in which the nucleus of a cell completes two successive divisions that produce four cells (gametes), each with a chromosome number that has been reduced by half
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sporophyte
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diploid phase in the type of life cycle known as alternation of generations; diploid individual that produces spores
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crossing-over
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the exchange of reciprocal segments of DNA by homologous chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis; source of genetic recombination
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spermatogenesis
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process by which gametes are produced in male animals
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independent assortment
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random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meisis
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sexual reproduction
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reproduction in which gametes from opposite sexes or mating types unite to form a zygote
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sperm
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male gamete
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asexual reproduction
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reproduction that involves only one parent and results in genetically identical offspring
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ovum
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a mature egg cell
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oogenesis
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process by which gametes are produced in female animals
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clone
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organism produced by asexual reproduction that is genetically identical to its parent
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life cycle
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entire lifespan of an organism; summary of all of the stages of an organism
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gametophyte
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haploid phase in the type of life cycle known as alternation of generations; haploid individual that produces gametes
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spore
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an asexual, resting, reproductive haploid cell
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