Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Photosynthesis |
Plants trap energy from the sun and use it to convert low energy carbon dioxide and water to high energy glucose. In this process oxygen is released as a by-product and some new water is made. Plants store their glucose as starch, a complex carbohydrate molecule. |
|
|
Difference between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration |
Photosynthesis captures energy and respiration releases it. |
|
|
How do plants obtain energy |
To obtain energy plants must now use the glucose that it made in photosynthesis. The plant does not need to eat because it can make its own food supply. |
|
|
How do animals obtain energy |
Animals obtain their food by consuming plants or other animals, so they are called consumers |
|
|
Cellular Respiration |
Inside the digestive system of animals, the complex starch is broken down again into a simpler form, glucose. The glucose travels to the cells and is further broken down into the process of respiration. |
|
|
reactants of cellular repiration |
Glucose and Oxygen |
|
|
products of cellular respiration |
heat (biproduct) CO2 water |
|
|
reactants of photosynthesis |
water CO2 |
|
|
products of photosynthesis |
oxygen glucose water |
|
|
Word equation of cellular respiration |
cellular respiration = glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + heat |
|
|
Word equation of photosynthesis |
photosynthesis = carbon dioxide + water →(sunlight is the cause) glucose + oxygen + water |
|
|
Chemical Equation of cellular repiration |
cellular respiration = C6H12O6 + 6O₂ → 6CO₂+6 H₂O + heat |
|
|
Chemical Equation of Photosynthesis |
photosynthesis = 6CO₂ + 12H₂O →(sunlight) C6H12O6 + 6O₂ + 6H₂O |
|
|
Anaerobic Respiration |
|
|
|
Aerobic Respiration |
the type of respiration using oxygen is called aerobic respiration. |
|
|
Anaerobic Respiration |
Less energy is released from each glucose molecule during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic. types of products released depends on the amount of oxygen animal cells: glucose - lactic acid (+energy) |
|
|
where does cellular respiration occur and what gas is released |
mitochondria and carbon dioxide |
|
|
where does photosynthesis occur and what gas is released |
chloroplasts and oxygen |
|
|
most abundant gas in the atmosphere |
nitrogen (N2) |
|
|
a) What role does nitrogen-fixing bacteria/microbes have in the nitrogen cycle? |
Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil takes nitrogen from the atmosphere and converts it to soil nitrogen available to plants. |
|
|
b) What role does nitrifying bacteria have in the nitrogen cycle? |
Nitrifying bacteria is the soil convert nitrIte to nitrAte which then is converted into soil nitrogen available to plants |
|
|
c) What role does denitrifying bacteria have in the nitrogen cycle? |
denitrifying bacteria takes nitrates form the soil and releases it into the atmosphere. |
|
|
a) Name two molecules found in the bodies of organisms that contain carbon |
Carbon and Oxygen |
|
|
biotic factors |
living things ( |
|
|
abiotic factors |
non-living parts |
|
|
species |
Species are a group of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and are usually capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring |
|
|
population |
a group of people or animals living in a certain place |
|
|
community |
A group of organisms living in the same area and interacting with each other. |
|
|
environment |
Surroundings or conditions on which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates |
|
|
habitat |
Natural home or environment of an organism. |
|
|
producer |
makes its own food |
|
|
consumer |
must eat in order to live |
|
|
decomposer |
breaks down dead organic materials into simpler compounds such as gases, salts and water |
|
|
difference between food chain and food web? |
The food web is made up of multiple food chains. A food chain is one path that animals find food. eg: A hawk eats a snake, which has eaten a frog, which has eaten a grasshopper, which has eaten grass. A food web shows the many different paths plants and animals are connected. |
|
|
Define metabolism. |
Some chemical processes in organisms use up energy and release it and other use it |
|
|
State two differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration. |
anaerobic doesn't require oxygen and aerobic requires oxygen. In aerobic more energy is produced but in anaerobic less energy is produced. |
|
|
collaboration |
organisms cooperate with each other to ensure their survival. For example, ants leave a trail of scent when they go to find food so that the other ants can find the food too. |
|
|
mating |
between the same species, partners produce offspring, thus ensuring the survival of their species. |
|
|
competition |
organisms use the same limited resource. For example, seedlings from the same species compete with each other for light and space as they grow |
|
|
symbiosis |
long term relationship between two organisms of different species. Types of symbiosis are: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism |
|
|
under symbiosis MUTUALISM |
relationship between two organisms where both organisms benefit. For example, the anemone fish hides within the tentacles of the sea anemone where it is camouflaged from its predators. The sea anemone is cleaned of algae by the fish. |
|
|
under symbiosis COMMENSALISM |
relationship between two organisms where one organism is benefited and the other is not affected. For example, certain plants rely on passing animals to disperse their seeds |
|
|
under symbiosis PARASITISM |
relationship in which one organism (parasite) lives in or on the body of another (host). Parasite benefits and host is harmed. For example, ticks attach to skin of animals and slowly drink their blood |
|
|
Predator-Prey |
one organism (predator) eats another (prey) |
|
|
Inhibition |
one organism produces a chemical that directly inhibits or hinders the growth and development of another. For example, penicilium mould produces an antibiotic penicillium that inhibits or hinders the growth of many species of bacterium. |
|
|
Quadrants |
Randomly selected square plots marked in an ecosystem. The number of organisms in each plot are counted, averages obtained and then the total number of organisms in the ecosystem are calculated. This sampling method works well if the organisms are evenly dispersed across the ecosystem. |
|
|
Transects |
A transect is a line across a habitat, or a part of a habitat. With the use of quadrats the number of organisms of each species can be counted at regular intervals along the transect. |
|
|
Capture-Recapture |
A method used for animals that are mobile. Animals are captured in traps, marked with tags and released. The number counted on the first capture is called N1. Two days later animals are captured again - the number of animals with tags are labelled M2 and the total number of animals captured are called N2. Total number of animals = N1 x N2 ÷ M2 |
|
|
Natural Impacts |
- seasonal changes - presence or absence of organisms - extreme natural changes - limiting resources - diseases |
|
|
Human Impacts |
- pollution - competition for resources - enhanced green house effect |
