Science 2 Sections 3 & 4

Front 1

Wind

Back 1

Wind is created by differences in air pressure (hot/cold) and the greater the pressure (temperature) difference, the greater the wind

Front 2

Anemometer

Back 2

an instrument used to measure wind speed.

Front 3

Wind Vane or Wind Sock

Back 3

an instrument used to show wind direction.

Front 4

Wind Chill Factor

Back 4

The increased cooling caused by wind.

Front 5

Local Winds

Back 5

Winds that blow over short distances and are created by the uneven heating of the Earth's surface within a small area. There are Sea Breezes and Land Breezes.

Front 6

Sea Breeze (lake breeze)

Back 6

Wind that blows from the ocean or lake toward the land. Usually occurs during the day time due to the cold air over the water wanting to chase out the warm air over the land.

Front 7

Land Breeze

Back 7

Wind that blows form the land to the ocean or lake. Occurs at night due to the cold air over the land wanting to chase out the warm air over the land.

Front 8

. Global Winds

Back 8

Winds that blow steadily from specific directions, over long distances.They are created by the uneven heating of the Earth's surface and occur over large areas.

Front 9

Doldrums

Back 9

Area of little to know wind around the equator creating low pressure.

Front 10

Horse Latitudes

Back 10

Dead air region located at 30 degrees North and South Latitude. Sailors would get stuck in this region and have to throw their horses overboard.

Front 11

Trade Winds

Back 11

Region between the equator and 30 degrees north and south latitude, where the winds generally blow from the east. Early sailors used these winds to bring trading goods to the West Indies.

Front 12

Prevailing Westerlies

Back 12

Located between 30 and 60 degrees north and south latitude where the winds blow from the west. These winds play an important role in the weather patterns of the U.S.

Front 13

Polar Easterlies

Back 13

Cold air region above 60 degrees north and south latitude where the winds blow from the east. The polar easterlies factor greatly into the weather patterns of the U.S.

Front 14

Jet Streams

Back 14

About 10 kilometers above the Earth's surface. They are bands of high speed winds, 200-400 kilometers per hour, that wander north and south. They blow from west to east.

Front 15

Coriolis Effect

Back 15

The curving of wind/object in the atmosphere due the rotation of the Earth.

Front 16

Water Cycle

Back 16

Also known as the hydro cycle, is the 4 part movement of water, between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere.

Front 17

Evaporation

Back 17

The process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor.

Front 18

Condensation

Back 18

The process by which water vapor cools and changes back into liquid water on condensation nuclei, thus forming clouds that we can see.

Front 19

Precipitation

Back 19

Liquid water that falls from the sky in the form of rain, snow, sleet and hail.

Front 20

Surface Runoff

Back 20

Is where the fallen precipitation is collected by the Earth's surface in streams, rivers, lakes and oceans.

Front 21

Humidity

Back 21

The measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.

Front 22

Relative Humidity

Back 22

The percentage of water vapor that is actually in the air, compared to the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a particular temperature.

Front 23

Psychrometer

Back 23

An instrument use to measure relative humidity.

Front 24

Dew Point

Back 24

Temperature at which condensation begins. If the dew point is below freezing, it will create frost.

Front 25

Cirrus clouds

Back 25

Wispy, feathery clouds that form at high altitudes. They are made of ice crystals. Usually form around 6 kilometers.

Front 26

Cirrocumulus clouds

Back 26

(little rows of cotton balls) indicate that a storm is on the way.

Front 27

Cumulus clouds

Back 27

Fluffy, rounded piles of cotton. The word cumulus means heap or masses. They can form as low as 2 km and extend up to 18 km. The suffix "Nimbus" means rain.

Front 28

Stratus clouds

Back 28

Clouds that form in flat layers between 1-2 km in the air and usually take up the entire sky. The word strato means spread out. When they produce rain, they are called Nimbostratus.

Front 29

Altocumulus and Altostratus

Back 29

The prefix "alto" means high. These are the clouds that are higher than cumulus and stratus, but lower than cirrus.

Front 30

Fog

Back 30

Clouds that form at or near the ground. It often forms when the ground cools at night after a humid day. Fog is common near lakes, oceans, and mountains.

Front 31

What direction does our weather come from?

Back 31

West. Low pressure-air rises- more clouds.