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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Important component of earths litosphere. Building blocks of rocks. |
Minerals |
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Naturally Occurring and inorganic in nature |
minerals |
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Objects made of minerals |
jewelries, toothpaste, make up, and mirror. |
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Eight classes of minerals |
silicates, oxides, sulphides, halides, sulfates, carbonates, phosphates, and mineraloids |
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Jewelries |
gold and silver |
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make up |
talc |
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mirror |
quartz |
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electricity |
copper |
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pencil |
graphite |
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salt |
halite |
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kitchen |
granite |
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What are the characteristics of minerals? |
Define the 4 characteristics |
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Refers to the overall shape pr growth pattern of the mineral |
Crystal Habit |
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3D of mineral, have about same length like a cube or sphere |
Equant |
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Forms or prism like crystal that are thicker that a needle |
elongate |
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Looks like a flattened and thin crystal |
Platy |
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Describe the appearance of mineral when a light is reflected from its surface, can be described as opaque, transparent, dull, or shiny |
Luster |
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Tendency of minerals to break along gery smooth, flat, and shiny surface |
Cleavage |
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Described as irregular, random surfaces |
Fracture |
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Is a measure of the minerals residtance to scratching, harder minerals will scratch harder |
hardness |
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Arranged in an orderly and repeating patterns |
orderly crystaline structures |
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Who created the various hardness level |
Friedrich Mohs |
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Has a hardness level of 1 |
Talc |
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Hardness level 2 |
gypsum |
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hardness level 9 |
corundum (Ruby) |
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Hardness level 10 |
Diamond |
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Reaction to stress |
Tenacity |
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Minerals turns into powder |
Brittleness |
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Mineral can be flattened by pounding with a hammer |
melleability |
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Elastic and inelastic |
Flexible |
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Goes back to the same shape |
elastic |
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Ability of minerals to be sliced by a knife |
sectility |
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Classified as metals, semi-metals, and non metals |
native elements |
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Minerals are attracted to a hand magnet |
magnetism |
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Thin, parallel groove or streaks |
striation |
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more reliable property than color as streak shows the true color of minerals |
streak |
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Weight of that mineral divided by the weight of an equal volume of water |
specifc gravity |
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some minerals have distinctive taste, odor, and feel |
taste, odor, feel |
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Created DANA system |
James Dwight Dana |
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Native elements |
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magnesium, iron and calcium |
silicates |
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Metallic materials such as hemalite, chrysoberyl, and spinel. Formed by percipitation or weathering
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oxides |
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Important metals such as copper, lead, and silver used in cosntructions
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sulphide |
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found in areas with high evaporation rates and where salty waters slowly evaporate
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sulphates |
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contains natural salt. Found in lakes, ponds, dead seas and great salt lake. Poor conductor of heat and electricity, low specific gravity
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halide |
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found in deposited marine environment, also found in caves, places with high evaporation rates formed from the shells of deadl plankton and othe rmarine organisms
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carbonate |
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found in teeths and bones of many animals |
phospate |
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contains metals and internetallis elements, semi metals, non-metals or natural alloys
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natuve element |
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Form regular and repeating three dimensional crystal structure |
Crystal Solid |
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Forms aggregates that have no particular order or arrangement |
amorphous solid |
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Allows most light to pass through undistorted such as calcite |
Transparent |
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Light passes through but it is bent and you cannot resolve images such as muscovite |
translucent |
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no light passes through even the thinnest slice such as cinnbar |
opaque |
