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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a gene |
Short section of DNA that contains the instructions to make specific protein |
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What are the instructions determined by |
Nitrogenous bases |
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What are the percentages for protein coding and non-coding genes |
Protein coding-1% Non-coding genes-99% |
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What is gene expression |
When a gene is used to produce a functional gene product |
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What are chromosomes |
An entire chain of DNA |
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What do Chromosomes contain |
Proteins |
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How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have |
23 |
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What is meiosis |
The production of the sex cells |
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What is the purpose of meiosis |
To produce gametes |
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What is the purpose of meiosis |
To produce gametes |
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What is the order of meiosis |
Meiosis 1: Interfase 1, prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1 Meiosis 2: Prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2 |
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What happens in interfase 1 |
Chromosomes duplicate |
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What happens in prophase 1 |
Crossing over occurs |
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What happens in prophase 1 |
Crossing over occurs |
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What happens in metaphase 1 |
Spindle fibres connect to chromosomes |
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What happens in prophase 1 |
Crossing over occurs |
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What happens in metaphase 1 |
Spindle fibres connect to chromosomes |
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What happens in anaphase 1 |
Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart |
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What happens in telophase 1 |
Cell splits |
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What happens in prophase 2 |
Nuclear envelope dissolves |
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What happens in metaphase 2 |
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell |
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What happens in anaphase 2 |
Spindle fibres split the sister chromotids |
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what happens in Telophase 2 |
Cell splits |
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What is codominance |
Both alleles are simultaneously expressed in the heterozygote |
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How many alleles are there for a gene |
2 |
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What is an allele |
An alternate form of a gene |
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What does the dominant allele do |
Mask the recessive allele |
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What does the dominant allele do |
Mask the recessive allele |
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What is heterogeneous |
When an organism has two different alleles |
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What is homozygous |
When an organism has two of the same alleles |
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What is a genotype |
The genes responsible for the trait |
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What is a phenotype |
Physical expression of that trait |
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What is a sex chromosome |
Determines sex |
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What has XX chromosome |
Female |
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What has XX chromosome |
Female |
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What has XY chromosome |
Male |
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Which gender determines the offspring sex |
Male |
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What is a x-linked gene |
When a gene is present on the X chromosome(not the Y chromosome) |
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What is cloning |
The process of producing genetically identical copies of an organism |
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What is asexual reproduction |
Where offspring are produced from a single organism |
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What are the different types of asexual reproduction |
Vegetative progation, binary fission, budding, fragmentation and pathenogenesis |
