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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why do Cells divide (reproduce)? |
It divides so it can have other organisms grow since a single cell can only reach a certain size before it stops functioning After it has reproduced an offspring, the original dies and the offspring takes its place. |
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What do Cells undergo to reproduce? |
Cell Division (Mitosis happens before this) |
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What happens to a cell in Mitosis? |
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, Cell Division (Cytokinesis) (this is mitosis)
Mitosis prepares the cell for Cell Division. |
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What happens in Interphase? |
- Cell Membrane grows- More organelles and space (grows) - This cell has 4 Chromosomes and are duplicated - Becomes invisible
The start of Mitosis and the first phase of the Cell Cycle |
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What happens in Mitosis? |
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. |
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What happens in Prophase? |
- Nuclear membrane disappears - DNA condenses - homologous chromosomes (paired chromosomes) are made. |
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What happens in Metaphase? |
- Spindle fibres connect to and guide the chromosomes movement - Homologous chromosome pairs line uo along the centromere (center of cell).
Chromosomes at centromere can be called Chromatids |
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What happens in Anaphase? |
- Homologous chromosome pairs seperate and go to the each end of the cell. |
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What happens in Telophase? |
- 2 identical nuclei form and each nucleus with a complete copy of the cell's DNA. - Cell divides slowly |
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What happens in Cytokinesis? |
- The phase where daughter cells are produced. This is also the second phase of the Cell Cycle. |
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What's the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis? |
Mitosis: occurs in every other cell in a body. Goes through interphase once Meiosis: occurs in cells that give rise to gametes. Goes through interphase twice |
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What's a haploid and diploid? |
Haploid: half the number of the parent cell Diploid: a set with a complete set of chromosomes |
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What happens in Meiosis? |
The daughter cells enter meiosis and go through Prophase (ii), Metaphase (ii), Anaphase (ii), and Telophase (ii). |
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What happens in Prophase (ii)? |
- Nuclear membrane disappears- DNA exists as chromosomes
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What happens in Metaphase (ii)? |
- Spindle fibres connect to and guide the chromosomes movement - Homologous chromosome pairs line uo along the centromere (center of cell). |
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What happens in Anaphase (ii)? |
- The copies of DNA seperate and go to the each end of the cell. |
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What happens in Telophase (ii)? |
- 4 identical nuclei form and each nucleus with a complete copy of the cell's DNA. - Cell divides slowly |
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What happens in Cell Division (ii)? |
- The daughter cells divide and produces 4 haploid cells each with 2 chromosomes. |
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Describe DNAs appearance. |
A long two-stranded nucleotide with a shape like a ladder that has been twisted into a spiral.
Or a double helix ladder |
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What do chromosomes do? |
Store information for everything that the cell does. It stores genetic material -informatiom that is passed on from generation to another when organisms reproduce. |
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DNA strands are packaged tightly into these... |
Proteins. |
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How much chromosomes do Humans have? What do these chromosomes do to us? |
46 chromosomes (23 pairs) Chromosomes define if we're male or female. |
