Science

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Buoyant Force

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Upwards force that a fluid exerts on an object; opposite to the pull of gravity on an object in a fluid.

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Aqueous Solution

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Solution in which water is the solvent.

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Buoyancy

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A term that describes how liquids exert and equal and opposite force on gravity, that pushes upward.

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Colloid

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A mixture where the two substances disperse evely and it is difficult to tell them apart: ex. coolwhip, mayonnaise

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Compound

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Two elements that are bonded together: NaCl (salt), H2o

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Concentrated

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The amount of solute (usually in grams or kiligrams) dissolved in a specific amount of solvent (unually in millilitres or litres) in a solution; written g/mL or kg/L

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Element

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A substance made up of atoms- only one type of atom: O, Kr, Na, Au

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Fluid

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Defined as a substance that continually flows under a shear stress. All liquids and all gases are fluids under the right circumstances. They also do not pile up.

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Homogeneous

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Mixture in which the different substances cannot be seen; a mixture that looks as if it is all one substance- one phase

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Heterogeous

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Mixture in which the different substances can be seen- more than one phase

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Matter

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Anything that has a mass and takes up space.

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Mixture

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Combination of two or more different pure substances.

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Pure Substance

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A substance made up of one type of atom.

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Saturated Solution

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Solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.

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Solute

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Substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.

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Solvent

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Substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution; water and alcohol are common solvents.

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Suspensions

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Paricles suspended (hanging) in fluid ex orange juice, chunky peanut butter, jam with fruit seeds.

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Unsaturated Solution

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Solution in which more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.

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Viscosity

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Defined as resistance to flow.

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Density

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Mass per unit of volume; calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume.

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Mechanical Mixture

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Heterogeneous mixture; mixture in which the different substances are easy to see.

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Solubility

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the ability to dissolve; the mass of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent to form a saturated solution at a given tempertature.