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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Earth System Science |
Hollistic approach to studying the Earth as a whole ________ of many _________________ |
System; interacting parts |
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The System Concept |
Any portion of the universe that can be ____________ from the rest of the universe for the purpose of observing and measuring changes |
Set apart |
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The System Concept |
It must have a ___________ that sets it apart from its surroundings - It prevents ____________ |
Boundary; exchanging |
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Isolated System Closed System Open System |
Types of System Concept |
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Closed System |
Permits exchange of _______ (but not matter) ______________ exchange of matter relative to the mass of the system E.g. _________ |
Energy; negligible; earth |
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1. Atmosphere -____________ 2. Hydrosphere -+_______________ 3. Geosphere -_______________ 4. Biosphere -+_______________ , +___________ |
Earth's Subsystems or _____________ |
Mixture of gases Cryosphere Physical elements Anthrosphere Technosphere Reservoirs |
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Overview of Earth Systems |
Earth's subsystems are ______ systems |
Open |
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Interaction ★ various air masses |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Atmosphere ←→ Atmosphere |
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Input of water vapor and stored solar heat |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Atmosphere ←→ Hydrosphere |
How hydrosphere affects atmosphere |
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Gases from respiration |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Atmosphere ←→ Biosphere |
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Input of stored solar heat; Landscapes affect air movement |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Atmosphere ←→ Geosphere |
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Surface currents driven by wind; Evaporation |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Hydrosphere ←→ Atmosphere |
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Hydrologic cycle |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Hydrosphere ←→ Hydrosphere |
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Removal or addition of materials by organisms |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Hydrosphere ←→ Biosphere |
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Source of solid and dissolved materials |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Hydrosphere ←→ Geosphere |
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Gases for/from respiration; dispersal of spores, pollen and seeds by wind |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Biosphere ←→ Atmosphere |
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Water for life |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Biosphere ←→ Hydrosphere |
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Global ecosystems; Food cycles; Energy transfers |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Biosphere ←→ Biosphere |
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Source of mineral nutrients; Modification of ecosystems by plate movements |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Biosphere ←→ Geosphere |
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Weathering by wind erosion; Transport of water vapor for precipitation of wind and snow |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Geosphere ←→ Atmosphere |
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Precipitation, weathering and erosion |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Geosphere ←→ Hydrosphere |
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Modification of weathering and erosion processes; formation of soil |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Geosphere ←→ Biosphere |
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Plate tectonics |
Interaction ★ Earth's Subsystems Geosphere ←→ Geosphere |
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Feedback |
A system response that occurs when the _______ of the system also serves as an ________ Leads to changes in the state of the system Two Types: 1. __________ 2. __________ |
Output; Input 1. Negative Feedback 2. Positive Feedback |
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Hydrothermal Vent |
What sustains life on Earth?
Example: _________ |
Lake Vostok, Antartica |
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Energy Flow Material Cycling |
Two secrets of survival Interactions ★ the Earth's subsystems are evident in these processes |
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Renewable Source of Energy |
Energy through subsystems can be harnessed for use in human societies making a ___________________ |
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Biogeochemical Cycles |
Pathway by which a _________ element moves through both biotic and abiotic components of the earth (geo = atmo-, geo- and hydrosphere) |
Physical |
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Hydrologic Cycle (Water Cycle) |
Movement of water through subsystems |
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Carbon Cycle |
Movement of carbon through subsystems |
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Nitrogen Cycle |
Movement of nitrogen through subsystems |
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Phosphorus cycle |
Movement of phosphorus through subsystems |
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