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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are background sources?
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Are usually textbooks. EX: Merck Manuals and the Current Diagnosis and Treatment texts.
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When are background sources used?
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For general information about diagnosis, diseases and clinical questions.
Use background sources only for general information that does not necessitate the most current research Unfortunately, due to the time it takes to publish textbooks, the information is usually not up to date. |
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What is a filtered source?
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Filtered sources answer clinical questions quickly by way of synthesized evidenced conclusions, typically in the form of a review. In other words, experts pose a question then review EBPs, putting them together into a coherent article that answers the question (similar to our less-exhaustive evidence review).
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When are filtered sources utilized?
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Filtered Sources are used by healthcare workers to determine the best plan of action for a patient using the best available evidence.
healthcare workers read such an article to quickly find answers to questions without having to research all of the primary sources themselves. These are most helpful on the job. |
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What is an unfiltered source?
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Unfiltered sources are original research studies; these are the EBPs.
Unfiltered Sources are the primary literature |
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Unfiltered sources require what of the reader?
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you are responsible for analyzing its significance and applicability to the patient/problem -- the work is not done for you as in a filtered source. These sources are the most recent information available on a topic.
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What are the two sources used for all graduate writing?
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Unfiltered sources
Primary sources |
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What are primary sources?
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are from the author's publication. They are not quoted in another article by someone else. In other words, do not pull a quote from an article that is not from the author of the article.
If you are reading an article by Jane Doe, you can quote Jane Doe. You should not quote or paraphrase anyone that Jane Doe uses in her article. You must find the original (primary) source. |
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What is a secondary source?
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If you were to use a quote or paraphrase from Jane Doe's article that is not by Jane Doe, that qualifies as a Secondary Source. Secondary sources do not belong in graduate writing and will be penalized in most graduate courses.
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Why are secondary sources not recommended in writing? And when is it appropriate to use secondary sources?
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Using secondary sources translates to a lazy researcher. Instead of finding the graph or experiment for him or herself, he or she relied on Jane Doe to find it -- tsk, tsk. Now, let's say you're reading Jane Doe's article, and there is a graph or quote that you just have to have for your essay. That is fine; there is nothing wrong with that. However, you should find the original source, page number, etc. This is usually done easily using Jane Doe's reference list. Always verify the source to ensure that Jane Doe has not taken the information out of context.
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What must the research in graduate writing be?
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*YOUR RESEARCH IN THIS COURSE MUST BE PRIMARY, UNFILTERED EBPs.*
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What are key words that will help to determine if journal articles are from a filtered source?
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The word review or systematic review is found anywhere in the citation, abstract or full record.
The record shows that the article is a meta analysis. printout |
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What are key subjects in a journal article to determine if it is an unfiltered source?
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The research described in the article includes information about the patients, or even animals, included in the study.
"randomized, clinical trial involving 104 patients" printout |
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Examples of filtered resources?
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include the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, InfoPOEMS, ACP's Pier (Physician's Information and Education Resource), National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Natural Standard.
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Examples of backgrounds sources.
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This category contains resources that provide background information about various diseases, conditions, and clinical questions. Resources include UptoDate and other E-Books such as DeGowin’s Diagnostic Examination, Current Diagnosis and Treatment, and Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. These resources are usually in a textbook format and as a result will not always integrate the most current research, but usually include references to journal literature so you can judge the currency of the information. EBP printout
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If you're trying to decide on a course of action for a patient (diagnosis, treatment, etc.) and want to base your decision on the best available evidence, consult what?
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A filtered source
EBP printout |
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Why are filtered sources helpful?
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These resources are helpful because the literature has been searched and results evaluated to provide an answer to a clinical question. Because of this pre-evaluation, the clinician does not have to do the literature searching and evaluate each study that comes up, saving time and ensuring a level of completeness. This allows the clinician to more quickly make decisions at point of care. The conclusions produced by these resources still need to be evaluated by the clinician for appropriateness to the specific patient, but are very helpful and efficient when an appropriate resource exists.
EBP printout |
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What are examples of filtered resources?
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Examples of filtered resources include the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, InfoPOEMS, ACP's Pier (Physician's Information and Education Resource), National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Natural Standard. Each of the resources above provide a variety of information backed up with links to the literature and references to the resources used to pulled together the conclusions and/or information provided. EBP printout
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