Schizophrenia Spectrum And Other Psychotic Disorders

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Fact or fiction: A hallucination is defined as an irrational belief

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Fiction: A hallucination is defined as an abnormal sensory experience in the absence of normal events, while a delusion is defined as an irrational belief

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Do symptoms of schizophrenia vary?

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Fact

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One of the characteristics of schizophrenia is psychotic behavior.

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Fact: Although the term psychotic behavior has been used to characterize many unusual behaviors, in the strictest sense, it involves delusions and/or hallucinations. Schizophrenia is just one disorder that involves this type of behavior.

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Beliefs that most people would describe as a misrepresentation of reality, called a disorder of thought content:

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Dellusions

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Apathy, or an inability to initiate or persist in important activities:

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Avolition

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Lack of visible emotional response or reactivity:

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Affective Flattening

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Perceptions of sensory events that do not originate in the surrounding environment:

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Hallucinations

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Jane as spent the last half hour staring in the mirror. As you approach her, she turns away and giggles. When you ask what she is looking at, she answers, but you are having difficulty understanding what she says. (Symptom(s))

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Disorganized

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Drew has experienced hallucinations and bizzarre delusions for the last four months. (Type)

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Schizophreniform Disorder

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Greg's cognitive skills and affect are relatively intact. He, however, often has dellusions and hallucinations that convince him enemies are out to persecute him. (Type)

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Delusional Disorder

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Alice usually holds an unusual posture and is sometimes seen grimacing. (Symptom(s))

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Catatonic

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Cameron has started to hear voices and this is very disturbing to him. He told his parents and recognises that he needs to see a mental health professional.

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Attenuated Pyschosis Syndrome

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Lately Dom has become more isolated because he believes his co-workers are conspiring to get him fired. He becomes agitated whenever he sees a group of employees talking and laughing, because he believes that they are plotting against him.

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Delusional Disorder

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Natalie reveals to therapist that sge hears numerous voices talking to her and giving her orders. Her doctor has just sent her to his therapist for what he believes to be a major depressive episode. She has begun to sleep all the time and contemplated suicide often.

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Schizoaffective Disorder

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If Shawn's schizophrenic symptoms disappeared after about four months and returned to his normal life, what diagnosis might he have received?

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Schizophreniform Disorder

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Elias believes the government is about to get him. He thinks agents follow him daily, monitor his calls, and read his mail. His roomate Cedric tried to convince him otherwise. After a year of this, however, Cedric began to believe the government was correct and the government was out to get him, too.

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Shared Psycotic Disorder

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Psychotherapy for clients with schizophrenia is more difficult than for other clients because

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Communication problems associated with schizophrenia.

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Therapy for famillies of clients with schizophrenia focuses on

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Making life less stressful for the clients.

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In general, Neuroleptic drugs

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Decrease brain activity. CNS depressants

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Sally has schizophrenia. She now appears to be sucking and chewing constantly, smakimg her lips, and showing tivlike motions in her eyes. This is:

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A side effect of prolonged use of medication.

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Tardive dyskinesia involves involuntary muscle movements that are most associated with the:

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Mouth, lips, and tongue.

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A cardinal sign of neuroleptic malignant syndrome is:

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High body temp (101°F to 108°F)

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A potentially serious anticholinergic side effect is:

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Hypotension

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The uncontrolled muscle movements that are side effects of some neuroleptics are known as:

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Extrapyramidal symptoms

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A well-known high potency antipsychotic medication is:

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Haldol

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A well-known , low-potency antipsychotic medication is:

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Thorazine

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People who experience psychotic disorders lose:

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Contact with reality

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The client is hostile, angry, and suspicious. He thinks the staff is trying to poison him. He is classified as:

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Paranoid

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Drugs that treat individuals with schizophrenia interrupt neurotransmitter pathways in the brain, producing an effect throughout the entire nervous system that is:

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Calming

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The client has been taking lithium and fluoxetine (Prozac) for almost a week. During today's assessment, the nurse notes a temperature of 39°C, muscle rigidity, and confusion. The client's signs and symptoms suggest:

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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

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A client with schizophrenia tells the nurse he is President of the United States, and no logical reasoning with the client convinces him otherwise. This client is experiencing a:

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Delusion

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Signs and Symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

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Usually includes a very high fever (102 to 104 degrees F), irregular pulse, accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia), increased rate of respiration (tachypnea), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic nervous system dysfunction resulting in high or low blood pressure, profuse perspiration, and excessive sweating.Other symptoms may include liver or kidney failure, abnormally high potassium levels (hyperkalemia), major destruction of skeletal muscle tissue (rhabdo-myolysis) or blood clots in veins and arteries.